Chapter 4 Lecture Flashcards

1
Q

What are the several specialized types of cells in connective tissue proper?

A

Fibroblasts, Fibrocytes, Macrophages, Adipocytes,

mesenchymal cells, melanocytes, mast cells

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2
Q

What are fibrocytes?

A

Most abundant CTP cell type; always found in connective tissue proper; are ‘working’ cells that make and secrete the matrix

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3
Q

Extracellular fluid is called plasma as long as it does what?

A

stays within the cardiovascular system

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4
Q

When interstitial fluid drains into the lymphatic vessels it is called?

A

lymph

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5
Q

When blood pressure forces plasma out of the blood through the thin walls of capillaries, it becomes what?

A

Interstitial fluid

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6
Q

What is the difference between intersitial fluid, plasma, and lymph?

A

Location, location, location!

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7
Q

Lymphatic vessels are much more permeable than ___________ ____________, and the pressure within them is less than in ___________ _________, so there is a natural tendency for this excess fluid to diffuse in this direction.

A

Blood capillaries

Blood vessels

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8
Q

What tissue is avascular and uninnervated?

A

Cartilage

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9
Q

Lacunas are located in what two different tissues?

A

Bone and cartilage

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10
Q

Is bone vascular??

A

YES! Blood is made in bone

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11
Q

Hematoposiesis is?

A

The formation of blood cells

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12
Q

What are the three types of muscle?

A

Skeletal, cardiac, and smooth

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13
Q

What are the two types of cells in nervous tissue?

A

neurons and neuroglia

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14
Q

What conducts electrical communication?

A

neurons

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15
Q

What are dendrites and axons?

A

Dendrites receive incoming signals

Axons carry signals out

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16
Q

Epithelial and connective tissues combine to form what?

A

4 types of membranes, mucous membrane, serous membrane, cutaneous membrane, synovial membrane

17
Q

What is the serous membrane?

A

Lines the walls of the ventral body cavity and cover most of the organs in ventral body cavity.
Recall visceral and parietal

18
Q

Cutaneous membranes are?

A

skin.

Thick, waterproof and and dry

19
Q

Synovial membranes are?

A

Lines articulating joint cavities

produce synovial fluid

20
Q

What is a mucous membrane

A

a membrane that lines passageways that communicate with outside enviroment.
Moist epithelial surfaces to reduce friction or to facilitate absorption and excretion

21
Q

What is the tissue’s first response to injury?

A

Inflammation

22
Q

What are the signs of an inflammatory response?

A

swelling, redness, heat, pain

23
Q

Pathogens are?

A

viral particles

24
Q

What is tissue destruction and death?

A

Necrosis

25
Q

Pus trapped in an enclosed area is called?

A

an abscess

26
Q

Injury stimultes mast cells in the tissue to release what?

A

histamine, heperain, prostaglandins and leukotrines

27
Q

What does dilation of blood vessels do?

A

increases circulation in the area, causing temp increase and redness

28
Q

When plasma diffuses into the interstital space it causes?

A

swelling

29
Q

The formation of scar tissue is called?

A

fibrosis

30
Q

Prostaglandins are?

A

local hormones, help increase circulation (which brings more oxygen and white blood cells to help heal it)

31
Q

What are the steps of inflammation?

A

Injury–>stimulates mast cells–>histamine, heparin, prostaglandins–>Inflamation–>regeneration–>normal tissue conditions