Chapter 4 Lecture

Question 1

What are the several specialized types of cells in connective tissue proper?

Answer 1

Fibroblasts, Fibrocytes, Macrophages, Adipocytes,

mesenchymal cells, melanocytes, mast cells

Question 2

What are fibrocytes?

Answer 2

Most abundant CTP cell type; always found in connective tissue proper; are ‘working’ cells that make and secrete the matrix

Question 3

Extracellular fluid is called plasma as long as it does what?

Answer 3

stays within the cardiovascular system

Question 4

When interstitial fluid drains into the lymphatic vessels it is called?

Answer 4

lymph

Question 5

When blood pressure forces plasma out of the blood through the thin walls of capillaries, it becomes what?

Answer 5

Interstitial fluid

Question 6

What is the difference between intersitial fluid, plasma, and lymph?

Answer 6

Location, location, location!

Question 7

Lymphatic vessels are much more permeable than ___________ ____________, and the pressure within them is less than in ___________ _________, so there is a natural tendency for this excess fluid to diffuse in this direction.

Answer 7

Blood capillaries

Blood vessels

Question 8

What tissue is avascular and uninnervated?

Answer 8

Cartilage

Question 9

Lacunas are located in what two different tissues?

Answer 9

Bone and cartilage

Question 10

Is bone vascular??

Answer 10

YES! Blood is made in bone

Question 11

Hematoposiesis is?

Answer 11

The formation of blood cells

Question 12

What are the three types of muscle?

Answer 12

Skeletal, cardiac, and smooth

Question 13

What are the two types of cells in nervous tissue?

Answer 13

neurons and neuroglia

Question 14

What conducts electrical communication?

Answer 14

neurons

Question 15

What are dendrites and axons?

Answer 15

Dendrites receive incoming signals

Axons carry signals out

Question 16

Epithelial and connective tissues combine to form what?

Answer 16

4 types of membranes, mucous membrane, serous membrane, cutaneous membrane, synovial membrane

Question 17

What is the serous membrane?

Answer 17

Lines the walls of the ventral body cavity and cover most of the organs in ventral body cavity.
Recall visceral and parietal

Question 18

Cutaneous membranes are?

Answer 18

skin.

Thick, waterproof and and dry

Question 19

Synovial membranes are?

Answer 19

Lines articulating joint cavities

produce synovial fluid

Question 20

What is a mucous membrane

Answer 20

a membrane that lines passageways that communicate with outside enviroment.
Moist epithelial surfaces to reduce friction or to facilitate absorption and excretion

Question 21

What is the tissue’s first response to injury?

Answer 21

Inflammation

Question 22

What are the signs of an inflammatory response?

Answer 22

swelling, redness, heat, pain

Question 23

Pathogens are?

Answer 23

viral particles

Question 24

What is tissue destruction and death?

Answer 24

Necrosis

Question 25

Pus trapped in an enclosed area is called?

Answer 25

an abscess

Question 26

Injury stimultes mast cells in the tissue to release what?

Answer 26

histamine, heperain, prostaglandins and leukotrines

Question 27

What does dilation of blood vessels do?

Answer 27

increases circulation in the area, causing temp increase and redness

Question 28

When plasma diffuses into the interstital space it causes?

Answer 28

swelling

Question 29

The formation of scar tissue is called?

Answer 29

fibrosis

Question 30

Prostaglandins are?

Answer 30

local hormones, help increase circulation (which brings more oxygen and white blood cells to help heal it)

Question 31

What are the steps of inflammation?

Answer 31

Injury–>stimulates mast cells–>histamine, heparin, prostaglandins–>Inflamation–>regeneration–>normal tissue conditions