Chapter 3 Lecture

Question 1

What is the idea of spontaneous generation?

Answer 1

Assumed ‘life force’ came from wherever the life came from
Living things came from non living things.

Ex. Frogs came from mud

Question 2

Who is Vanleewenhoek?

Answer 2

Credited for inventing the microscope.

only a single lens

Question 3

Who was Robert Hook?

Answer 3

Coined the term cell

Question 4

Why did cell become the name?

Answer 4

Because he thought the plant cells looked like jail cells

Question 5

Schledien and Schwaan came up with?

When?

Answer 5

First statement of the cell theory in 1840

Question 6

What is the first statement of cell theory?

Answer 6

All living things are made of cells

Question 7

Rudolph Virchow did what?

Answer 7

Came up with second major statement on cell theory

Question 8

What was Virchow’s statement?

Answer 8

All living things come from preexisting cells

Question 9

Cells constantly interact with their surroundings to maintain?

Answer 9

homeostasis

Question 10

What does Aqueous mean?

Answer 10

Watery

Question 11

What is ICF?

Answer 11

Intracellular fluid

Question 12

What is ECF?

Answer 12

Extracellular fluid

Question 13

Fluid inside cells is referred to as?

Answer 13

cytosol

Question 14

What is a more general term for cytosol?

Answer 14

ICF or ECF

Question 15

What separates the ECF from the ICF

Answer 15

The plasma membrane

Question 16

Permeability is regulated by?

Answer 16

The plasma membrane

Question 17

What is the most abundant molecules in plasma membrane are?

Answer 17

phospolipids

Question 18

Phospholipids are?

Answer 18

diglyceride

Question 19

What steroid lipid is an important part of the plasma membrane?

Answer 19

cholesterol

Question 20

Integral protein is?

Answer 20

A Protein that extends from one side of the membrane to the other

-most of the time involved in transport

Question 21

A Peripheral Protien is?

Answer 21

Proteins that are found on the inner surface or outer surface

Question 22

Marker Proteins do what?

Answer 22

self vs. non self

Question 23

Attachment proteins?

Answer 23

Attaches proteins to each other

Question 24

What are integral proteins that have a channel running through that flows with the concentration gradient?

Answer 24

channel protein

Question 25

Passive carrier proteins always carry...

Answer 25

down the concentration gradient

Question 26

Active carrier proteins always...

Answer 26

carry against the concentration gradient and requires energy

Question 27

glycolipids and glycoproteins make up the __________, which functions for protection, anchoring, receptors, and recognition.

Answer 27

Glycocalyx

Question 28

Carbohydrates in red blood cells tell you?

Answer 28

what blood type it is

Question 29

What is the correct pathway of a protein out of a cell?

Answer 29

Ribsome -> Endoplasmic Reticulum -> Vesicle 1 -> Golgi Apparatus -> vesicle 2->Plasma Membrane ->Exocytosis

Question 30

What is the purpose of the cytoskeleton?

Answer 30

Proteins that run from one side to the other, helps maintain cell structure

Question 31

Microvilli do what?

Answer 31

maintains surface area

Question 32

What is the only flagellated human cell?

Answer 32

Sperm

Question 33

What does the smooth endoplasmic reticulum do?

Answer 33

lipid and steroid synthesis

Question 34

What does the rough endoplasmic reticulum do?

Answer 34

protein synthesis

Question 35

What does the golgi do?

Answer 35

loading dock or packing plant

Question 36

Lysosomes are produced?

Answer 36

in golgi apparatus

Question 37

Mitochondria is?

Answer 37

Power house of cell

Question 38

Why are membranes selectively permeable?

Answer 38

It allows us to control our internal enviroment

Question 39

A concentration gradient is?

Answer 39

the difference of concentration from one place to another

Question 40

What is the term mediate?

Answer 40

assisted

Question 41

Passive Transport has two characteristics, what are they?

Answer 41

Always moves down the concentration gradient | No ATP required

Question 42

Active Transport has two characteristics what are they?

Answer 42

May move up concentration gradient, does require ATP

Question 43

What is due to the constant and random movement of ions and molecules, particles tend to move from an area of their higher concentration to an area of their lower concentration?

Answer 43

Simple diffusion

Question 44

Diffusion is definined as

Answer 44

a movement of particles from their higher concentration to their lower concentration

Question 45

Does simple diffusion always require a membrane?

Answer 45

no

Question 46

When does net flow disappear?

Answer 46

when equilibrium is reached

Question 47

What passes through via simple diffusion thru bilipid layer?

Answer 47

Small non polar lipid substances, such as O2, CO2, fat soluble vitamins, small alcohols, lipid soluble steroid hormoes

Question 48

Osmosis is

Answer 48

the net movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane from a solution of lower concentration of solutes to a solution of higher concentrations of solutes *********

Question 49

What is simple diffusion through leak channels

Answer 49

small water soluble molecules & ions through specilized protein channels called 'leak' channels

Question 50

Osmotically active means?

Answer 50

There must be at least one solute that cannot cross the membrane

Question 51

For osmosis to occur the membrane must be ___________________.

Answer 51

Freely permeable to water

Question 52

Osmotic pressure does what?

Answer 52

it pushes against the cell so that the cell doesn't lyse