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Anatomy & Physiology > Chapter 3 Lecture > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Lecture Flashcards

1
Q

What is the idea of spontaneous generation?

A

Assumed ‘life force’ came from wherever the life came from
Living things came from non living things.

Ex. Frogs came from mud

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2
Q

Who is Vanleewenhoek?

A

Credited for inventing the microscope.

only a single lens

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3
Q

Who was Robert Hook?

A

Coined the term cell

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4
Q

Why did cell become the name?

A

Because he thought the plant cells looked like jail cells

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5
Q

Schledien and Schwaan came up with?

When?

A

First statement of the cell theory in 1840

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6
Q

What is the first statement of cell theory?

A

All living things are made of cells

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7
Q

Rudolph Virchow did what?

A

Came up with second major statement on cell theory

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8
Q

What was Virchow’s statement?

A

All living things come from preexisting cells

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9
Q

Cells constantly interact with their surroundings to maintain?

A

homeostasis

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10
Q

What does Aqueous mean?

A

Watery

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11
Q

What is ICF?

A

Intracellular fluid

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12
Q

What is ECF?

A

Extracellular fluid

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13
Q

Fluid inside cells is referred to as?

A

cytosol

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14
Q

What is a more general term for cytosol?

A

ICF or ECF

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15
Q

What separates the ECF from the ICF

A

The plasma membrane

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16
Q

Permeability is regulated by?

A

The plasma membrane

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17
Q

What is the most abundant molecules in plasma membrane are?

A

phospolipids

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18
Q

Phospholipids are?

A

diglyceride

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19
Q

What steroid lipid is an important part of the plasma membrane?

A

cholesterol

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20
Q

Integral protein is?

A

A Protein that extends from one side of the membrane to the other

-most of the time involved in transport

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21
Q

A Peripheral Protien is?

A

Proteins that are found on the inner surface or outer surface

22
Q

Marker Proteins do what?

A

self vs. non self

23
Q

Attachment proteins?

A

Attaches proteins to each other

24
Q

What are integral proteins that have a channel running through that flows with the concentration gradient?

A

channel protein

25
Q

Passive carrier proteins always carry…

A

down the concentration gradient

26
Q

Active carrier proteins always…

A

carry against the concentration gradient and requires energy

27
Q

glycolipids and glycoproteins make up the __________, which functions for protection, anchoring, receptors, and recognition.

A

Glycocalyx

28
Q

Carbohydrates in red blood cells tell you?

A

what blood type it is

29
Q

What is the correct pathway of a protein out of a cell?

A

Ribsome -> Endoplasmic Reticulum -> Vesicle 1 -> Golgi Apparatus -> vesicle 2->Plasma Membrane ->Exocytosis

30
Q

What is the purpose of the cytoskeleton?

A

Proteins that run from one side to the other, helps maintain cell structure

31
Q

Microvilli do what?

A

maintains surface area

32
Q

What is the only flagellated human cell?

A

Sperm

33
Q

What does the smooth endoplasmic reticulum do?

A

lipid and steroid synthesis

34
Q

What does the rough endoplasmic reticulum do?

A

protein synthesis

35
Q

What does the golgi do?

A

loading dock or packing plant

36
Q

Lysosomes are produced?

A

in golgi apparatus

37
Q

Mitochondria is?

A

Power house of cell

38
Q

Why are membranes selectively permeable?

A

It allows us to control our internal enviroment

39
Q

A concentration gradient is?

A

the difference of concentration from one place to another

40
Q

What is the term mediate?

A

assisted

41
Q

Passive Transport has two characteristics, what are they?

A

Always moves down the concentration gradient

No ATP required

42
Q

Active Transport has two characteristics what are they?

A

May move up concentration gradient, does require ATP

43
Q

What is due to the constant and random movement of ions and molecules, particles tend to move from an area of their higher concentration to an area of their lower concentration?

A

Simple diffusion

44
Q

Diffusion is definined as

A

a movement of particles from their higher concentration to their lower concentration

45
Q

Does simple diffusion always require a membrane?

A

no

46
Q

When does net flow disappear?

A

when equilibrium is reached

47
Q

What passes through via simple diffusion thru bilipid layer?

A

Small non polar lipid substances, such as O2, CO2, fat soluble vitamins, small alcohols, lipid soluble steroid hormoes

48
Q

Osmosis is

A

the net movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane from a solution of lower concentration of solutes to a solution of higher concentrations of solutes

49
Q

What is simple diffusion through leak channels

A

small water soluble molecules & ions through specilized protein channels called ‘leak’ channels

50
Q

Osmotically active means?

A

There must be at least one solute that cannot cross the membrane

51
Q

For osmosis to occur the membrane must be ___________________.

A

Freely permeable to water

52
Q

Osmotic pressure does what?

A

it pushes against the cell so that the cell doesn’t lyse

Anatomy & Physiology (16 decks)

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