Chapter 4: Health Promotion and Risk Reduction Flashcards
Health promotion is…
Health protection is…
Health is…
Health promotion and community health nursing
Educating people about overall gen health subjects
…any combination of health education and related organizational, economic, and environmental supports for behavior of individuals, groups, or communities conducive to health (Green & Kreuter, 1991)
…that which is motivated by the desire to increase well-being and to reach the best possible health potential (Parse, 1990)
Health promotion is…
Targeting something specific; vaccinations for flu; screenings for breast cancer
Protection against something specific
…those behaviors in which one engages with the specific intent to prevent disease, to detect disease in the early stages, or maximize health within the constraints of disease (Parse, 1990)
Health protection is…
…being sound in body, mind, and spirit: freedom from physical disease or pain (Merriam-Webster, 2009)
… a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being, and not merely the absence of disease (WHO, 2009)
Health is…
… is the health promotion initiative for the nation
… challenges individuals, communities, and professionals, to take specific steps to ensure that good health, as well as long life, are enjoyed by all (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2012)
Leading health indicators, or determinants of health, in each topic area help track progress toward meeting the goals
Healthy people 2030
All factors intertwine and impact each other
Can change everything but biology; no say in biology; rest choices make and other things can do change but not easy but are possible to change
Biology
Behaviors
Social enviornment
Phys environment
Policies and interventions
Access to quality health care
All impact overall health
Determinants of health
Individual’s genetic makeup, family history, and any physical and mental health problems developed in the course of life
These impact biology: Aging, diet, physical activity, smoking, stress, alcohol, drug abuse, injury, violence, or a toxic or infectious agent may produce illness or disability, changing an individual’s biology
Genetic makeup; fam history
Stuff Cannot necessarily change
Impact it: gen aging, diet, lack exercise, lifestyle choices: alcohol/drug use; can alter biology
Biology
Choice to drink impacts biology if do on abusive basis/over long period time; our behavior is our response to stimuli; know predisposition to cancer but choose to smoke impacts biology - bheaviors can impact biology +/-
Individual’s responses to internal stimuli and external conditions
Interact with biology in a common relationship as one may influence the other
Behaviors
Mainly Interactions - fam, friends, classmates, coworkers
Consider social institutions that interactions occur within; community at large; could also be at churches
Might impact behaviors and choices making
Includes interactions and relationships with family, friends, coworkers, and others in the community
Social institutions (law enforcement, faith communities, schools, government agencies)
Housing, safety, public transportation, and availability of resources
Social enviornment
What we experience in world around us
How feel in environment impact choices make in how behave
Abusive home environment not know how get away so may make choices to dull feelings so environment impacting behaviors; can also make + choices so make conscious choices for self-care and leaving the house and taking time for meditation to decrease stress levels
How responding to social environment impacts social environment and by default biology
What is experienced with the senses; what is smelled, seen, touched, heard, and tasted
Can impact health negatively or positively
Phys environment
Things like laws
Stuff that impacts choices need make
Impacts behaviors and what do to protect self
Can have a profound effect on the health of individuals, groups, and communities
Examples of positive effects from policies: smoking in public places, seatbelt and child restraint laws, litter ordinances, and enhanced health care
Are implemented at local, state, and national levels by many agencies
Policies and interventions
Harder one to deal with because not all communities have good access to healthcare; society need keep forefront and continually talk about
Access to quality health care does not necessarily fix everything; once present does not mean get there or afford but is there and is a resource; once do that then consider the phys environment, policies and interventions in place ot make access to healthcare viable for community
Essential to decrease health disparities and to improve the quality of life and the quantity of years of healthy life
Access to quality health care
Risk is ….. “the probability that a specific event will occur in a given time frame”
A risk factor is ….. an exposure that is associated with a disease
Criteria for establishing a risk factor
Risk and health
The frequency of disease – varies by category, or amount of the factor
The risk factor must precede the onset of the disease
The association of concern must not be due to any source of error
Criteria for establishing a risk factor
Modifiable
Nonmodifiable
Risk Reduction
Risk communication
Relationship of risk to health and health promotion activities
