Ch 1

Question 1

community/public health nursing

Answer 1

Synthesis of nursing prac and pub health prac
Major goal - preserve health of community and surrounding pops by focusing on health promotion and health maintenance of indivs, fams, groups within community
Associated with health and identification of pops at risk rather than episodic response to pat demand

Question 2

Pub health

Answer 2

Art and science of preventing disease, prolonging life, promoting health through organized community efforts to benefit each citizen
Mission: social justic, entitles all people to basic necessities and accepts collect burdens
Society’s responsibility to meet basic needs of people
Greater need for public funding for prevention efforts to enhance health

Question 3

Community

Answer 3

group/collection indivs interacting in social units and sharing common interests, characteristics, values, and goals

Question 4

Pop

Answer 4

Denote a group of people with common personal/enviornmental characteristics
Also refer to all people in defined community

Question 5

Aggregates

Answer 5

subgroups/subpops that have common characteristics/concerns

Question 6

Determinants of health and disease

Answer 6

Health status of community associated with health care access, economic conditions, social and enviornmental issues, cultural pracs; essential for community health nurse understand determinants of health and recognize the interaction of factors that lead to disease, death, disability
Indiv behaviors responible for 50% premature deaths
Indiv bio and behaviors influence health through interaction with each other and with social and phys environment; policies and interventions can improve health by targeting detrimental//harmful factors
Lifestyle choices lead to early deaths
Can be influenced by pop-focused policy efforts and edu
Better health - attributed higher standards of living, good nutrition, healthier enviornment, fewer children
Public health efforts and med care help increase life expectancy
Some factors can be changed and some cannot; others need be changed via a policy

Question 7

Indicators of health and illness

Answer 7

Departments provide health status-related data
State and local: collecting morbidity and mortality and forwarding to often CDC
Commonly reported: life expectancy, infant mortality, age-adjusted death rates, cancer incidence rates
Indicators of mortality: tell health status of community/pop because reflect social, economic, health service, and related trends
Health people = national health objectives; indicators correlated with leading causes of morbidity and mortality
Identify areas for further investigation and intervention

Question 8

Community health

Answer 8

Extends realm of pub health to include organized health efforts at community level through govt and private efforts

Question 9

Health promotion and levels of prevention

Answer 9

Health promotion
Disease prevention
Primary prevention
Secondary prevention
Tertiary prevention

Question 10

Health promotion (Health promotion and levels of prevention)

Answer 10

Activities enhance resources directed at improving well-being

Question 11

Disease prevention (Health promotion and levels of prevention)

Answer 11

Protect people from disease

Question 12

Primary prevention (Health promotion and levels of prevention)

Answer 12

Preventing prob before occurs by altering susceptibility/reducing exposure for susceptible indivs
2 elements: gen health promotion (enhance resiliency and protective factors and target well pop) and specific protection (reduce/eliminate risk factors)
EX: promotion good nutrition, provision adequate shelter, encouraging exercise; immunizations, seat belt use, water purification

Question 13

Secondary prevention (Health promotion and levels of prevention)

Answer 13

Early detection and prompt intervention during period early disease pathogenesis
Implemented after prob before but before s/s appear and targets pops who have risk factors
EX: mammography, BP screening, scoliosis screenin, pap tests

Question 14

Tertiary prevention (Health promotion and levels of prevention)

Answer 14

Pops experienced disease/injury and focuses on limitation of disability and rehab
Keep health probs from getting worse, reduce effects disease and injury, restore indivs to optimal level functioning
EX: insulin injects and disease management for diabetic patient, referral SCI pat to OT and PT, support group for grieving parents

Question 15

Prevention vs cure

Answer 15

Spending money on prevention does great deal to improve health
Determinants of health” prevention efforts that provide edu, housing, food, decent min income, safe social and phys environment, + lifestyle choices
Prevention programs help reduce costs

Question 16

Public and community health nursing

Answer 16

Pub health nursing -

Community health nursing -

Question 17

Pub health nursing - (Public and community health nursing)

Answer 17

synthesis pub health and nursing prac; most up to date: prac of promoting and protecting health of pops using knowledge from nursing, social, pub health sciences; pop-focused with goals of people through creation of conditions which people can be health

Question 18

Community health nursing - (Public and community health nursing)

Answer 18

synthesis nursing prac and pub health prac applied to promoting and preserving health of pops; directs care to indivs, fams, groups which contributes to health of total pop; emphasizes preservation and protection of health; direct and indirect services

Question 19

Community-based nursing

Answer 19

Application of nursing process in caring for indivs, fams, groups where live, work, go to school, as move through health care sys
Setting specific and emphasis on acute and chronic care
Primary clients are indiv and fam; largely direct services

Question 20

Population-focused nursing

Answer 20

Specific groups people and focuses on health promotion and disease prevention regardless location
Goal: provision EBC targeted groups with sim needs in order improve outcomes; promote healthy communities
Focuses on entire pop, based on assessment on pop’s health status, considers broad determinants of health, emphasizes all levels prevention, intervenes communities, sys, indivs, fams
Distinct and overlapping community subpops