Chapter 4

Question 1

what type of infection is relapse and remission typically seen in?

Answer 1

latent infections

Question 2

what is the process used to wash and remove blood from instruments called?

Answer 2

sanitization

Question 3

what contaminations require special handling?

Answer 3

blood and other potentially infectious material(OPIM)

Question 4

what should you do if the eyes are exposed to potentially infectious bodily fluids?

Answer 4

continuously flush the eyes for 15 minutes using the eye wash kit

Question 5

what immune response is identified as humoral immunity?

Answer 5

in the 3rd line of defense against infection, the immune system produces antibodies designed to combat the presence of a foreign substance

Question 6

what substance protects nearby cells from viral invasion?

Answer 6

interferon, a protein formed when a cell is exposed to a virus, the protein blocks viral action on the cell and protects against viral infection

Question 7

what should you never do when sanitizing an instrument?

Answer 7

never: use bare hands, wait to clean after the procedure, and mix sharp with blunt instruments

Question 8

what should be emphasized when training aseptic handwashing?

Answer 8

running water and friction

Question 9

what is considered adequate handwashing?

Answer 9

handwashing requires running water and friction using the medical aseptic technique. the first wash should be for a minute, and each subsequent wash should be at least 15 seconds. Then use a water soluble lotion to bring moisture back to the skin

Question 10

what gloves should be worn while cleaning sharp instrument?

Answer 10

thick utility gloves

Question 11

what CDC recommendations are considered adequate hand hygiene?

Answer 11

the CDC recommends washing before and after contact with a patient, before performing an aseptic task, after contact with blood, body fluids, or contaminated surfaces, and when hands move from a contaminated body site to a clean body site

Question 12

what diseases are caused by a virus?

Answer 12

common cold, COVID-19, influenza A and B, herpes, infectious hepatitis, AIDs, and HIV

Question 13

before disposing of a contaminated needle into a sharps container, the medical assistant should?

Answer 13

recap the needle

Question 14

what does direct transmission occur through?

Answer 14

contact with an infected person, the infected persons discharges, or with infected soil

Question 15

Viral infections are?

Answer 15

when a virus inserts its own DNA or RNA into a host cell, and then uses the host cell to help produce more viral particles

Question 16

what is the most effective method of controlling the spread of conjunctivitis in a day care center?

Answer 16

disinfection

Question 17

what is cell-mediated immunity?

Answer 17

T cells; causes destruction of pathogenic cells at the cite of invasion or infection

Question 18

what function increases blood flow to the site and increases the permeability of blood vessel walls?

Answer 18

the inflammatory response, 1st stage

Question 19

what is considered the second link in the chain of infection?

Answer 19

the reservoir host; people, insects, animals, water, food, and contaminated instruments and equipment

Question 20

what is the key to reducing the prevalence of antibiotic resistance?

Answer 20

to use an antibiotic specific to the antigen

Question 21

what is disinfection associated with?

Answer 21

hydrogen peroxide, bleach, and alcohol

Question 22

what is the safest method to achieve adequate sanitization of instruments?

Answer 22

wear thick utility gloves, rinse under cold water, sharps should be kept separate and cleaned at the same time. Open all hinges and scrub with a small scrub brush. Rinse with hot water and check to make sure they are working properly. Hand dry with a towel

Question 23

what is the first step that should be taken after exposure to contaminated waste?

Answer 23

if any exposed skin comes into contact, scrub the area soap and warm running water. If the eyes come in contact, flush them with the eye wash kit for 15 minutes. After any spills, immediately clean and disinfect all areas

Question 24

any disease is caused by the growth of pathogenic microorganisms in the body, falls into the category of?

Answer 24

bacterial infection