Chapter 26 Flashcards
Pulmonology
what is the term for greater than normal amounts of carbon dioxide in the blood?
hypercapnia
what is the term for a high-pitched sound due to a blockage in the upper airway?
stridor
what is the term for when the skin has a blueish discoloration along with the mucous membranes?
cyanosis
know about infant’s narrow airways and the problems that it can cause
infants have a shorter and softer trachea. If the neck is overextended, the airway can collapse. With a disproportionately larger tongue and epiglottis, infants and young children are at risk for airway obstruction
what is the term for “whooping cough”?
pertussis
what is the inflammation of the lining of the bronchi that is either acute or chronic?
bronchitis
what are the para-nasal sinuses?
hollow, air filled cavities in the skull and facial bones. They lighten the weight of the skull and increase the tone of speech
what is the term for inflammation of the throat?
pharyngitis
A patient has a positive skin test screen, but is asymptomatic and not infectious. What stage is the patient in?
Latent TB infection
what is the structure that separates the nostrils?
the nasal septum
what is the substance that coats the alveoli to prevent lung collapse?
surfactant
what disease is caused by coal dust in the lungs?
antheracosis (black lung disease)
the term for the process of exhaling is?
expiration
what disease/disorder causes a bark-like cough and inflammation of the trachea and larynx?
croup
what disease/disorder causes mucous build up in the lungs, pancreas, and other organs?
cystic fibrosis
what is diptheria?
a bacterial respiratory infection characterized by a sore throat, fever, and headache
what is sinusitis?
inflammation of the sinuses that can either be acute or chronic
which respiratory disorder causes broncho-spasms, airway swelling, and mucous that clogs the airway?
asthma
what test would be performed to Dx cystic fibrosis?
sweat tests and genetic testing
what medication relieves congestion in the nasal and sinus tissue?
decongestant
what is the term for the exchange of gases between the cells in the body and the blood?
internal respiration
the trachea lies in what space between the lungs?
mediastinum
what is the medication classification of diphenhydramine(Benadryl, Unisom)?
antihistamine
what is the classification of drugs that relieve allergies?
antihistamine
what is the term for inflammation of the voice box?
laryngitis
cigarette smokers are more likely to develop?
lung cancer
what procedure measures the amount of air moving in and out of the lungs?
spirometry test
what is the medication classification of psuedophendrine(Sudafed)?
decongestant
what is the term for oxygen moving from the atmosphere to the alveoli?
inspiration
what is a bronchoscopy?
the insertion of a bronchoscope through the mouth to visualize the trachea and bronchi
what can cause pneumonia?
bacteria, viruses, fungi, various chemicals, and aspirating fluid or foreign materials into the lungs
what is the medical term for nostrils?
nares
what is the classification of drugs that destroy or inhibit the growth and reproduction of viruses?
antiviral
a lung cancer patient could show what symptoms?
a chronic cough with hemoptysis, constant chest pain, wheezing, breathlessness, SOB, clubbing, fatigue, loss of appetite, weight loss, swelling of the face and hands, and frequent respiratory infections
what is a blood test that helps Dx tuberculosis?
QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus or T-SPOT.TB
what is the medication classification of fluticasone(Flovent HFA)?
corticosteroid, nasal and inhaled
what is dyspnea?
difficulty breathing
what is pneumothorax?
air or gas in the pleural space that causes the lung to collapse. Caused by a rupture of a small blister on the lungs surface or trauma. Symptoms include a sudden, sharp pleuritic pain that increases with movement, breathing, or coughing, SOB, cyanosis, rapid pulse, and respiratory distress
what is Rales?
inspiratory ausculatory sounds resembling a crackling or popping sound caused by fluid in the airway or alveoli. Can be described as moist, dry, fine, or coarse
what is Stridor?
high-pitched inspiratory sounds due to a blockage in the airway. Can be heard with or without a stethoscope
what is the oropharynx?
part of the pharynx located behind the mouth and part of the digestive and respiratory systems
as a person ages, what happens to the diaphragm and respiratory muscles?
the diaphragm grows weaker, making it harder to inhale and exhale. The respiratory muscles grow weaker causing the coughing reflex to be less effective
what are the signs and symptoms of asthma?
SOB, chest tightness or pain, coughing or wheezing attacks, and early morning or nighttime coughing
what is the medication classification of budesonide(RhinoCort)?
corticosteroid, nasal and inhaled
what is an Arterial Blood Gas(ABG) test and what does it test for?
a test in which a blood specimen is collected from the artery in the wrist, and the pH of the blood, carbon dioxide, and oxygen content are measured
what is the classification of drugs that block the action of substances that cause asthma and allergic rhinitis?
leukotriene receptor antagonist
breathlessness is also called?
Shortness of Breath (SOB)
what connects the middle ear to the nasopharynx?
Eustachian tube
what is the aspiration of fluid from the pleural space?
thoracentesis
