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CMA > Chapter 26 > Flashcards

Chapter 26 Flashcards

Pulmonology

1
Q

what is the term for greater than normal amounts of carbon dioxide in the blood?

A

hypercapnia

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2
Q

what is the term for a high-pitched sound due to a blockage in the upper airway?

A

stridor

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3
Q

what is the term for when the skin has a blueish discoloration along with the mucous membranes?

A

cyanosis

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4
Q

know about infant’s narrow airways and the problems that it can cause

A

infants have a shorter and softer trachea. If the neck is overextended, the airway can collapse. With a disproportionately larger tongue and epiglottis, infants and young children are at risk for airway obstruction

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5
Q

what is the term for “whooping cough”?

A

pertussis

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6
Q

what is the inflammation of the lining of the bronchi that is either acute or chronic?

A

bronchitis

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7
Q

what are the para-nasal sinuses?

A

hollow, air filled cavities in the skull and facial bones. They lighten the weight of the skull and increase the tone of speech

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8
Q

what is the term for inflammation of the throat?

A

pharyngitis

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9
Q

A patient has a positive skin test screen, but is asymptomatic and not infectious. What stage is the patient in?

A

Latent TB infection

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10
Q

what is the structure that separates the nostrils?

A

the nasal septum

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11
Q

what is the substance that coats the alveoli to prevent lung collapse?

A

surfactant

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12
Q

what disease is caused by coal dust in the lungs?

A

antheracosis (black lung disease)

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13
Q

the term for the process of exhaling is?

A

expiration

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14
Q

what disease/disorder causes a bark-like cough and inflammation of the trachea and larynx?

A

croup

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15
Q

what disease/disorder causes mucous build up in the lungs, pancreas, and other organs?

A

cystic fibrosis

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16
Q

what is diptheria?

A

a bacterial respiratory infection characterized by a sore throat, fever, and headache

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17
Q

what is sinusitis?

A

inflammation of the sinuses that can either be acute or chronic

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18
Q

which respiratory disorder causes broncho-spasms, airway swelling, and mucous that clogs the airway?

A

asthma

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19
Q

what test would be performed to Dx cystic fibrosis?

A

sweat tests and genetic testing

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20
Q

what medication relieves congestion in the nasal and sinus tissue?

A

decongestant

21
Q

what is the term for the exchange of gases between the cells in the body and the blood?

A

internal respiration

22
Q

the trachea lies in what space between the lungs?

A

mediastinum

23
Q

what is the medication classification of diphenhydramine(Benadryl, Unisom)?

A

antihistamine

24
Q

what is the classification of drugs that relieve allergies?

A

antihistamine

25
Q

what is the term for inflammation of the voice box?

A

laryngitis

26
Q

cigarette smokers are more likely to develop?

A

lung cancer

27
Q

what procedure measures the amount of air moving in and out of the lungs?

A

spirometry test

28
Q

what is the medication classification of psuedophendrine(Sudafed)?

A

decongestant

29
Q

what is the term for oxygen moving from the atmosphere to the alveoli?

A

inspiration

30
Q

what is a bronchoscopy?

A

the insertion of a bronchoscope through the mouth to visualize the trachea and bronchi

31
Q

what can cause pneumonia?

A

bacteria, viruses, fungi, various chemicals, and aspirating fluid or foreign materials into the lungs

32
Q

what is the medical term for nostrils?

A

nares

33
Q

what is the classification of drugs that destroy or inhibit the growth and reproduction of viruses?

A

antiviral

34
Q

a lung cancer patient could show what symptoms?

A

a chronic cough with hemoptysis, constant chest pain, wheezing, breathlessness, SOB, clubbing, fatigue, loss of appetite, weight loss, swelling of the face and hands, and frequent respiratory infections

35
Q

what is a blood test that helps Dx tuberculosis?

A

QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus or T-SPOT.TB

36
Q

what is the medication classification of fluticasone(Flovent HFA)?

A

corticosteroid, nasal and inhaled

37
Q

what is dyspnea?

A

difficulty breathing

38
Q

what is pneumothorax?

A

air or gas in the pleural space that causes the lung to collapse. Caused by a rupture of a small blister on the lungs surface or trauma. Symptoms include a sudden, sharp pleuritic pain that increases with movement, breathing, or coughing, SOB, cyanosis, rapid pulse, and respiratory distress

39
Q

what is Rales?

A

inspiratory ausculatory sounds resembling a crackling or popping sound caused by fluid in the airway or alveoli. Can be described as moist, dry, fine, or coarse

40
Q

what is Stridor?

A

high-pitched inspiratory sounds due to a blockage in the airway. Can be heard with or without a stethoscope

41
Q

what is the oropharynx?

A

part of the pharynx located behind the mouth and part of the digestive and respiratory systems

42
Q

as a person ages, what happens to the diaphragm and respiratory muscles?

A

the diaphragm grows weaker, making it harder to inhale and exhale. The respiratory muscles grow weaker causing the coughing reflex to be less effective

43
Q

what are the signs and symptoms of asthma?

A

SOB, chest tightness or pain, coughing or wheezing attacks, and early morning or nighttime coughing

44
Q

what is the medication classification of budesonide(RhinoCort)?

A

corticosteroid, nasal and inhaled

45
Q

what is an Arterial Blood Gas(ABG) test and what does it test for?

A

a test in which a blood specimen is collected from the artery in the wrist, and the pH of the blood, carbon dioxide, and oxygen content are measured

46
Q

what is the classification of drugs that block the action of substances that cause asthma and allergic rhinitis?

A

leukotriene receptor antagonist

47
Q

breathlessness is also called?

A

Shortness of Breath (SOB)

48
Q

what connects the middle ear to the nasopharynx?

A

Eustachian tube

49
Q

what is the aspiration of fluid from the pleural space?

A

thoracentesis

CMA (16 decks)

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