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Chapter 4 Flashcards

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1
Q

Theory developed by Eleanor and
James Gibson, which describes
developing motor and perceptual
abilities as interdependent parts of a
functional system that guides behavior
in varying contexts.

A

Ecological theory of perception

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2
Q

Newborn baby, up to 4 weeks old

A

Neonate

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3
Q

Ability to acquire information about
properties of objects, such as size,
weight, and texture, by handling them.

A

haptic perception

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4
Q

Standard measurement of a newborn’s
condition; it assesses appearance,
pulse, grimace, activity, and respiration.

A

Apgar scale

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5
Q

Delivery of a baby by surgical removal
from the uterus

A

Cesarean delivery

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6
Q

“Sounds or light bring
smiles or grimaces in
sleep.” which state of arousal in Infancy is this?

A

Irregular Sleep

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7
Q

Process by which cells acquire
specialized structures and functions.

A

Differentiation

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8
Q

First 4 weeks of life, a time of transition
from intrauterine dependency to
independent existence.

A

Neonatal period

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9
Q

Automatic, involuntary, innate
responses to stimulation.

A

Reflex behaviors

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10
Q

Process by which neurons coordinate
the activities of muscle groups.

A

Integration

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11
Q

Process of coating neural pathways
with a fatty substance called myelin,
which enables faster communication
between cells.

A

Myelination

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12
Q

Condition, in many newborn babies,
caused by immaturity of liver and
evidenced by yellowish appearance;
can cause brain damage if not treated
promptly.

A

Neonatal Jaundice

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13
Q

Use of the eyes to guide movements of
the hands or other parts of the body

A

Visual guidance

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14
Q

Weight of less than 5½ pounds (2,500
grams) at birth because of prematurity
or being small-for-date.

A

Low birth weight (LBW)

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15
Q

Physical skills that involve the large
muscles.

A

Gross motor skills

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16
Q

“lasts between 10 minutes and 1 hour” what stage is this?

A

Third stage - Expulsion of the placenta

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17
Q

Proportion of babies born alive who die
within the 1st year.

A

Infant Mortality rate

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18
Q

Infants born before completing the 37th
week of gestation.

A

Preterm (premature) Infants

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19
Q

Esther Thelen’s theory, which holds that
motor development is a dynamic process of active coordination of multiple
systems within the infant in relation to
the environment.

A

Dynamic systems theory (DST)

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20
Q

An infant’s physiological and behavioral
status at a given moment in the
periodic daily cycle of wakefulness,
sleep, and activity.

A

State of arousal

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21
Q

According to this principle, growth and motor development proceed from the center of the body outward.

A

proximodistal principle

22
Q

Mechanical monitoring of fetal
heartbeat during labor and delivery.

A

Electronic fetal monitoring

23
Q

A fetus not yet born as of 2 weeks after
the due date or 42 weeks after the
mother’s last menstrual period.

A

postmature

24
Q

According to this principle, growth occurs from the top down.

A

cephalocaudal principle

25
Q

State the 5 Arousal in Infancy

A

Regular sleep, Irregular sleep, Drowsiness, Alert Inactivity, Walking activity an crying

26
Q

Death of a fetus at or after the 20th
week of gestation.

A

Stillbirth

27
Q

Ability to perceive objects and surfaces
three-dimensionally.

A

depth perception

28
Q

Method of skin-to-skin contact in which
a newborn is laid face down between
the mother’s breasts for an hour or so at
a time after birth.

A

Kangaroo care

29
Q

In brain development, normal
elimination of excess brain cells to
achieve more efficient functioning.

A

Cell death

30
Q

“May smile, startle, suck, or
have erections in
response to stimuli.” which state of arousal in Infancy is this?

A

Drowsiness

31
Q

It is the usual method of childbirth

A

Vaginal delivery

32
Q

Method of childbirth that uses
instruction, breathing exercises, and social support to induce controlled physical responses to uterine contractions
and reduce fear and pain

A

Prepared childbirth

33
Q

Tendency of each of the brain’s hemispheres to have specialized functions

A

Lateralization

34
Q

These are functions of the _____________the brain and spinal cord

A

Central Nervous system

35
Q

An experienced mentor who furnishes
emotional support and information for a
woman during labor.

A

Doula

36
Q

The act or process of giving birth.

A

Parturition

37
Q

Modifiability, or “molding,” of the brain
through experience.

A

Plasticity

38
Q

Apparatus designed to give an illusion
of depth and used to assess depth
perception in infants

A

Visual cliff

39
Q

Method of childbirth that seeks to
prevent pain by eliminating the mother’s
fear through education about the
physiology of reproduction and training
in breathing and relaxation during
delivery

A

Natural childbirth

40
Q

Physical skills that involve the small
muscles and eye-hand coordination.

A

Fine motor skills

41
Q

Sudden and unexplained death of an
apparently healthy infant.

A

sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)

42
Q

Increasingly complex combinations of
motor skills, which permit a wider or
more precise range of movement and
more control of the environment.

A

Systems of action

43
Q

The brain’s growth occurs in fits and starts called ________

A

brain growth spurts

44
Q

Infants whose birth weight is less than
that of 90 percent of babies of the
same gestational age, as a result of
slow fetal growth.

A

Small-for-date Infants

45
Q

” typically lasts up to an hour or two” what stage is this?

A

Second stage - Descent and emergence of the baby

46
Q

Screening test given to children 1 month
to 6 years old to determine whether
they are developing normally

A

Denver Developmental Screening Test

47
Q

a stringy, greenish-black waste matter formed in the fetal intestinal
tract.

A

Meconium

48
Q

“is the longest,
typically lasting 12 to 14 hours for a woman having her first child.” what stage is this?

A

First stage - Dilation of the Cervix

49
Q

“An interesting environment
(with people or things to
watch) may initiate or
maintain this state.” which state of arousal in Infancy is this?

A

Alert Inactivity

50
Q

Lack of oxygen, which may cause brain
damage.

A

Anoxia

51
Q

the largest part of the brain, is
divided into right and left halves, or hemispheres, each with specialized functions.

A

cerebrum

dev psych (15 decks)

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