chapter 14

Question 1

____________________ offers a moratorium, or time out, from developmental pressures and allows young people the freedom to experiment with various roles and lifestyles.

Answer 1

Emerging adulthood

Question 2

All three components of love—intimacy, passion, and commitment—are absent. This describes most interpersonal relationships, which are simply casual interactions.

Answer 2

Nonlove

Question 3

Erikson’s sixth stage of psychosocial
development, in which young adults
either form strong, long-lasting bonds
with friends and romantic partners or
face a possible sense of isolation and
self-absorption.

Answer 3

intimacy versus isolation

Question 4

Theoretical model of personality,
developed and tested by Costa and
McCrae, based on the “Big Five”
factors underlying clusters of related
personality traits: openness to
experiences, conscientiousness,
extraversion, agreeableness, neuroticism.

Answer 4

five-factor model

Question 5

Who made the “five-factor model”?

Answer 5

Paul T. Costa and Robert R. McCrae

Question 6

Theoretical model of personality
development that describes adult
psychosocial development as a
response to the expected or
unexpected occurrence and timing
of important life events.

Answer 6

timing-of-events model

Question 7

Intimacy and commitment are both present. This is a long-term, committed friendship, often occurring in marriages in which physical attraction has died down but in which the partners feel close to each
other and have made the decision to stay together.

Answer 7

Companionate love

Question 8

Dynamic capacity to modify one’s
level of ego-control in response to
environmental and contextual
influences.

Answer 8

ego resiliency

Question 9

Traditionally, ____________ was defined by
markers such as moving out of the family home, marriage, children, full-time employment, or the establishment of a career.

Answer 9

adulthood

Question 10

What factors influences the individual paths to adulthood?

Answer 10

• gender
• academic ability
• early attitudes toward education
• race and ethnicity
• expectations in late adolescence
• social class

Question 11

Sternberg’s theory that patterns of love
hinge on the balance among three
elements: intimacy, passion, and
commitment.

Answer 11

triangular theory of love

Question 12

Commitment is the only component present. Empty love is often found in long-term relationships that have lost both intimacy and passion, or in arranged marriages.

Answer 12

Empty love

Question 13

All three components are present in this “complete” love. It is easier to achieve it than to hold on to it.

Answer 13

Consummate love

Question 14

Intimacy is the only component present. There is closeness, understanding, emotional support, affection, bondedness, and warmth. Neither passion nor commitment is present.

Answer 14

Liking

Question 15

Theoretical models that describe
psychosocial development in terms of a
definite sequence of age-related
changes.

Answer 15

normative-stage models (NSM)

Question 16

an increasingly common lifestyle in which an unmarried couple involved in a sexual relationship live together.

Answer 16

Cohabitation

Question 17

Intimacy and passion are both present. Romantic lovers are drawn to each other physically and bonded emotionally. They are not, however, committed to each other.

Answer 17

Romantic love

Question 18

Passion is the only component present. This is “love at first sight,” a strong physical attraction and sexual arousal, without intimacy or commitment.

Answer 18

Infatuation

Question 19

In the timing-of-events model,
commonly expected life experiences
that occur at customary times.

Answer 19

normative life events (NLE)

Question 20

Process that underlies the shift to an
adult identity.

Answer 20

recentering

Question 21

________________ people are active, energetic, impulsive, stubborn, and easily distracted.

Answer 21

Undercontrolled

Question 22

Set of cultural norms or expectations for
the times of life when certain important
events, such as marriage, parenthood,
entry into work, and retirement, should
occur.

Answer 22

social clock

Question 23

Theoretical models of personality
development that focus on mental,
emotional, temperamental, and
behavioral traits, or attributes.

Answer 23

Trait models

Question 24

Passion and commitment are present without intimacy. This often leads to a whirlwind courtship in which a couple make a commitment without allowing themselves the time to develop intimacy. This kind of love usually does not last.

Answer 24

Fatuous love

Question 25

a self-conscious crisis that ideally leads to a resolution and identity achievement status.

Answer 25

moratorium

Question 26

Theoretical approach that identifies
broad personality types, or styles.

Answer 26

typological approach

Question 27

_________________ people are shy, quiet, anxious, and dependable; they tend to keep their thoughts to themselves
and to withdraw from conflict, and they are the most subject to depression.

Answer 27

Overcontrolled :(

Question 28

Self-control and the self-regulation
of impulses.

Answer 28

ego control

Question 29

Friends who are considered and
behave like family members.

Answer 29

Fictive kin

Question 30

faith in something
larger than themselves

Answer 30

fidelity