Chapter 1 Flashcards
Scientific study of processes of change
and stability throughout the human life
span.
Human development
Concept of human development as a
lifelong process, which can be studied
scientifically. From conception to death.
Life span development
What are the 4 goals of human development?
description, explanation, prediction, intervention
What are the 3 major domains of development?
Physical (change of physical body), Cognitive (change in mental, learning memory, Psychosocial (change of emotions, personality, etc)
Name at least six disciplines
involved in the study of human
development?
psychology, psychiatry, sociology, anthropology, biology, genetics, family science, education,
history, and medicine
Growth of body and brain, including
patterns of change in sensory
capacities, motor skills, and health
Physical development
Pattern of change in mental abilities, such
as learning, attention, memory, language,
thinking, reasoning, and creativity
Cognitive development
Pattern of change in emotions,
personality, and social relationships
Psychosocial development
A concept or practice that may appear
natural and obvious to those who
accept it, but that in reality is an invention of a particular culture or society
Social construction
A recent concept that emerged
as society became more industrialized.
Adolescence
“Attachments to parents and
others form.
Self-awareness develops.
Shift from dependence toward
autonomy occurs.
Interest in other children
increases.” “Abilities to learn and remember
are present, even in early
weeks.
Use of symbols and ability to
solve problems develop by
end of second year.
Comprehension and use of
language develop rapidly” “All senses and body systems
operate at birth to varying
degrees.
The brain grows in complexity
and is highly sensitive to
environmental influence.
Physical growth and
development of motor skills
are rapid.” what period is this?
Infancy and toddlerhood (birth to 3 yrs old)
“children gain more self-control and become more
interested in other children.” what period is this?
early childhood
“control over behavior gradually
shifts from parent to child, and the peer group becomes increasingly important.” what period is this?
Middle childhood
Differences in characteristics, influences,
or developmental outcomes.
Individual differences
“It consists of the inborn traits and characteristics provided
by a child’s biological parents”
“Inborn traits or characteristics inherited
from the biological parents.”
Heredity
Totality of nonhereditary, or experiential,
influences on development.
environment
Unfolding of a natural sequence of
physical and behavioral changes.
maturation
a household unit consisting of one or two parents and their
children, whether biological, adopted, or stepchildren.
nuclear family (two generational)
a multigenerational network of grandparents, aunts, uncles, cousins, and more distant relatives—is the traditional
family form.
extended family (multigenerational)
Combination of economic and social
factors describing an individual or family, including income, education, and
occupation.
socio economic status!!
Conditions that increase the likelihood
of a negative developmental outcome.
risk factors
A society’s or group’s total way of life,
including customs, traditions, beliefs,
values, language, and physical
products—all learned behavior, passed
on from parents to children.
culture
A group united by ancestry, race, religion, language, or national origins,
which contribute to a sense of shared
identity.
ethnic group
“Overgeneralization about an ethnic or
cultural group that obscures differences
within the group.”
“an overgeneralization that obscures or blurs such
variations.”
ethnic gloss
