Chapter 36 - Conservation Flashcards
Define conservation
The maintainance of the environment and its natural resources in a state that maintains biodiversity
Describe the term ‘biodiversity’
The number and variety of organisms found in a certain geographical location
State why species need to be conserved
- Prevents extinction
- Maintiains food webs, chains and ecosystems
- Maintains biodiversity
- Not ethical to kill organisms
- Organisms are interdependent
- Aesthetic advantage for future generations
- Species are sources of medicine and food
- Conservation enable controlled breeding
- Transfer of animals from overpopulated areas
- Smaller population increases the chance of interbreeding and means less variation
Suggest why habitats should be conserved
A suitable habitat is required for the conservation of species
Name the advantages of tourism
- Revenue for governments
- Revenue for developing countries
- Local inhabitants have job opportunities
- Change tourists’ attitude, volunteers, less poaching
State the disadvantages of tourism
- Greenhouse gases
- Damage to species’ habitats
- Wildlife desturbed by human noise and movement
- Pollution of non-biodegradable materials
- Criminals rob tourists, reducing tourism
- Smuggling, drug trafficking and illegal immigration increases
Describe the process of recycling water
- Screening
- Grit removal
- Primary sedimentation, solid matter forms sludge on top
- Sludge is digested by bacteria in anaerobic digester
- Anaerobic digestion produces methane
- Liquid effluent is sprayed onto stones where aerobic bacteria and protoctists feed on sewage and harmful substances. Anaerobic bacteria is killed
- Disinfection (addition of chlorine)
State five reasons for the treatment of sewage
- Prevent the spread of diseases
- Avoid pollution
- Avoid smells
- To recycle water
- Prevent eutrophication
Describe the recycling of paper
- Collection
- Sorting
- Sent trough a baler, transportable bales
- Paper mill
- Paper is soaked to form a pulp
- Pulp is filtered
- Ink is removed
- Left to dry and roled up
Describe the process of recycling plastics
- Collection
- Pretreatment (shredded and washed, agglomeration)
- Extrusion, melting of granules
- Manufacturing
Describe the process of recycling glass
- Collection
- Sorting by colour
- Crushing, grinding (cullet)
- Removal of contaminants
- Cullet is melted
- Manufacturing
- Glass can be recycled an unlimited amount of times
State reasons for the conservation of black rhinos
- Hunted and killed for horns
- Critically endangered
- Already extinct in many countries, including Angola
- Dehorning programmes failed
- Huge illegal trade in rhino horn
- Habitat changes threaten black rhinos
Describe the problems associated with the rhino conservation project
- Research is required
- Need for protection and wardens
- Need for a boundary fence
- Financing
- Need for enforceable legislation
- Need to be a ban on hunting and killing
- Education can be difficult
- Co-operation with locals can cause conflict
- Human activities damage the environment
- Too many animals can result
Describe the degree of success of the rhino coservation project
- Number of black rhinos has increased
- South Africa has the largest population
- Strict ban on international trade of rhino horn
- Efficient anti-poacing efforts have been implemented
