chapter 32 Digestion and Nutrition

Question 1

organisms that consume food to obtain carbon and energy

Answer 1

heterotrophs

Question 2

the opposite of a heterotroph?

Answer 2

autotroph

Question 3

why do animals eat?

Answer 3

an animal’s body uses nutrients in food to fuel cellular respiration and build tissues

Question 4

does body size influence food requirements?

Answer 4

yes

Question 5

do small animals have higher or lower metabolic rates than larger animals?

Answer 5

higher

Question 6

Why do small animals have high metabolic rates?

Answer 6

because they have more surface area relative to body size than larger animals, so they lose heat faster
the high metabolic rate helps them maintain temperature homeostasis

Question 7

do small animals eat more or less than larger animals? Why?

Answer 7

more

because they have a higher metabolic rate

Question 8

does an animal’s physiological state affect its metabolic rate?

Answer 8

yes

Question 9

[blank] eat only plants

Answer 9

herbivores

Question 10

[blank] eat only other animals

Answer 10

carnivores

Question 11

[blank] consume decomposing organic matter

Answer 11

detritivores

Question 12

[blank] eat a broad variety of foods

Answer 12

omnivores

Question 13

[blank] ingest large chunks of food (humans, pandas, or leopards)

Answer 13

bulk feeders

Question 14

[blank] drink their food (mosquitoes)

Answer 14

fluid feeders

Question 15

[blank] strain particles from water (some sharks)

Answer 15

suspension feeders

Question 16

All animals use a [blank] stage process to digest their food

Answer 16

four

Question 17

different diets select for differences in animal [blank]

Answer 17

digestive tracts

Question 18

[blank] is the entry of food into the digestive tract

Answer 18

ingestion

Question 19

[blank] is the physical and chemical breakdown of food

Answer 19

digestion

Question 20

[blank] occurs when nutrients enter the cells lining the digestive tract and move into the bloodstream

Answer 20

absorption

Question 21

[blank] expels undigested food from the body

Answer 21

elimination

Question 22

intracellular digestions occurs…

Answer 22

within cells

Question 23

what animal uses intracellular digestion

Answer 23

sponges

Question 24

an incomplete digestive tract is also called [blank] because it digests food and distributes nutrients to cells

Answer 24

gastrovasuclar cavity

Question 25

a complete digestive tract is also called an [blank] or [blank]

Answer 25

alimentary canal

gastrointestinal tract