chapter 18 protists

Question 1

simplest eukaryotes

Answer 1

protists

Question 2

protists are classified as a [blank] group

Answer 2

paraphyletic

Question 3

true or false

originally, protists were defined as eukaryotes that are not plants, fungi, or animals

Answer 3

true

Question 4

protist groups

Answer 4

algae, slime molds/ water molds, and protozoa

Question 5

algae resembles…

Answer 5

plant cells

Question 6

slime molds/water molds resemble…

Answer 6

fungal cells

Question 7

protozoa resemble…

Answer 7

animal cells

Question 8

why is algae important?

Answer 8

produces much of the oxygen in the earth’s atmosphere

Question 9

what are the most ancient eukaryotes

Answer 9

protists

Question 10

do protists help trace endosymbiosis events?

Answer 10

yes

Question 11

what does endosymbiosis explain?

Answer 11

the origin of mitochondria and chloroplasts, which developed from free-living bacteria

Question 12

chloroplasts in [blank], [blank], and [blank] have two membranes, indicating they developed from a single endosymbiosis event

Answer 12

red algae, green algae, and plant cells

Question 13

chloroplasts in [blank] and [blank] have three membranes, indicating they developed from two successive endosymbiosis events

Answer 13

brown algae and euglena

Question 14

algae

Answer 14

aquatic, photosynthetic protists. Common types include euglenoids, dinoflagellates, diatoms, golden algae, brown algae, red algae, and green algae

Question 15

are euglenoids autotrophic or heterotrophic?

Answer 15

both

Question 16

euglenoids uses their [blank] to swim around

Answer 16

flagella

Question 17

do euglenoids live in fresh water?

Answer 17

yes

Question 18

[blank] have triple-membrane, green chloroplasts for photosynthesis when there is light, and in the dark feed on organic matter

Answer 18

euglenoids

Question 19

dinoflagellates

Answer 19

characterized by two flagella. They use them to whirl around in the ocean.
some are photosynthetic, some live inside animals, and some are bioluminescent
they can overgrow and produce toxins, causing red tides

Question 20

golden algae

Answer 20

unicellular or colonial autotrophs in light and heterotrophs in the dark

Question 21

brown algae

Answer 21

the largest and most complex protists. They form giant underwater keip forests

Question 22

diatoms

Answer 22

have yellowish pigments for photosynthesis and are abundant in all moist habitats
Their cell walls are very intricate and give them unique shapes

Question 23

red algae

Answer 23

have photosynthetic pigments that absorb red and blue wavelengths of light. These wavelengths do not dissipate in deep water

Question 24

green algae

Answer 24

a diverse group

share features with plants, including using chlorophyll a and b for photosynthesis and producing starch

Question 25

alternation of generations

Answer 25

haploid gametes and diploid zygotes can both grow into adult organisms.
This life cycle, alternating between haploid and diploid forms, is only found in green algae and plants

Question 26

[blank] and [blank] are heterotrophic protists that have filamentous feeding structures

Answer 26

slime molds and water molds

Question 27

[blank] are unicellular and multicellular protists

Answer 27

slime molds

Question 28

slime molds

Answer 28

can exist as single cells or as large masses that behave like a multicellular organism

Question 29

cellular slime molds

Answer 29

live as haploid cells until resources become limited. They then aggregate into a mobile “slug” and then a fruiting body which produces spores

Question 30

plasmodial slime molds

Answer 30

form a plasmodium during their feeding stage. Which is a large cell containing thousands of diploid nuclei

Question 31

are water molds decomposers and parasites?

Answer 31

yes

they secrete digestive enzymes into their surroundings and absorb the nutrients

Question 32

do water molds feed on plants and animals?

Answer 32

yes

some ruin food crops and others grow on weak, dead, or dying aquatic organisms