CHAPTER 3 Vocab (G-P) Flashcards

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1
Q

The idea that incoming pain sensations must pass through a “gate” in the spinal cord that can be blosed, thus blocking pain signals

A

Gate-control theory

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2
Q

A theorietical orientation based on the idea that the whole is greater than the sum of its parts

A

Gestalt psychology

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3
Q

Objects that can be represented in two-dimensional pictures but cannot exists in three-dimensional space

A

Impossible figures

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4
Q

The smallest difference int he amount of stimulation that a specific sense can detect

A

Just noticeable difference (JND)

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5
Q

The sensdory system that monitors the position of the various parts of one’s body

A

Kinesthetic system

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6
Q

Th sensory system for taste

A

Gustatory system

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7
Q

A process in the retina that occurs when neural activity in a cell opposes activity in surrounding cells

A

Lateral antagonisms

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8
Q

The transparant eye structure that focues the light rays falling on the retina

A

Lense

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9
Q

The process whereby the eyes become less sensitive to light in high illumination

A

LIght adaptation

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10
Q

Clues about distance based on the image from either eye alone

A

Monocular depth cues

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11
Q

Cue to depth that involves images of objects at different distances moving across the retina at different rates

A

MOtion parallax

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12
Q

A vision deficiency in which close objects are seen clearly but distant objects appear blurry

A

Nearsightedness

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13
Q

The sensory system for smell

A

Olfactory system

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14
Q

The theory that color perception depends on receptors that make antagonistic responses to three pairs of colors

A

Opponent process theory

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15
Q

The point at which theo ptic nerves from the inside half of each eye cross over and then project to the opposite half of the brain

A

Optic chiasm

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16
Q

A hole in the retina where the optic nerve fibers exit the eye

A

Optic disk

17
Q

An apparently inexplicable discrepancy between the appearance of a visual stimulu and its physical reality

A

Optical illusion

18
Q

Simultaneously extacting different kinds of information from the same input

A

Parallel processing

19
Q

The selection, organization, and interpretation of sensory input

A

Perception

20
Q

A tendency to experience a stable perception in the face of continually changing sensory input

A

Perceptual constancy

21
Q

An inference about which distal stimuli could be responsible for the proximal stimuli sensed

A

Perceptual hypothesis

22
Q

A readiness to percive a stimulus in a particualr way

A

Perceptual set

23
Q

The illusion of movement created by presneting visual sitmuli in rpaid succession

A

Phi phenomenon

24
Q

Clues about distance that can be given in a flat picture

A

Pictorial depth cues

25
Q

The idea that perception of pitch corresponds to the vibration of different portions or places along the basilar membrane

A

Place theory

26
Q

The fact that subjects’ expectations can lead them to experience some change even though they recieve an empty, fake, or ineffectual treatment

A

Placebo effects

27
Q

The stimulus energies that impinge directly on sensory receptors

A

Proxiaml stimuli

28
Q

The study of how physical stimuli are translated into psychological experience

A

Psychophysics

29
Q

The opening int he center of the iris that helps regulate the amount of light passing into the rear chamber of the eye

A

Pupil