Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Medical Terminology Part 1 > Chapter 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

What are erythrocytes?

A
  • Red blood cells
  • Made in the bone marrow.
  • Carry oxygen from lungs to all body cells
  • Hemoglobin: blood protein
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are leukocyte?

A

White blood cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How many different kinds of leukocytes?

A

5 different types: three granulocytes and two mononuclear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is a hernia?

A

It is a protrusion of an organ or the muscular wall of an organ through the cavity that normally contains it.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is a cystocele?

A

When part of the urinalysis bladder herniates through the vaginal wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is rectocele?

A

Protrusion of a portion of the rectum toward the vagina. Anteriorly pushing toward the vagina.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the difference between streptococcus and staphylococcus?

A

Streptococcus = berry-shaped bacterium, grows in twisted chains

Staphylococcus = berry-shaped bacteria that grow in small clusters like grapes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is diplococci?

A

Berry-shaped bacteria but in pairs. In two’s.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is an abscess?

A

It is a collection of pus, white blood cells, and protein that is present at the site of infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the different types of hernia?

A

Hiatal hernia = the stomach protrudes upward into the mediastinum through the esophageal opening in the diaphragm

Inguinal hernia = intestine protrudes downward into the groin region

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are thrombocytes or platelets?

A

Clotting cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the hemoglobin and its purpose?

A

Blood protein that carries the oxygen through the bloodstream

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the 5 types leukocytes?

A

N.L. M.E.B = NEVER LET MONKEYS EAT BANANAS

  1. Neutrophils
  2. Lymphocytes
  3. Monocytes
  4. Eosinophils
  5. Basophils
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the 3 types of granulocytes?

A
  1. Eosinophils
  2. Basophils
  3. Neutrophils
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the function of the Eosinophils?

A

Active and elevated in allergic conditions such as asthma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the function of Basophils?

A

Play a role in inflammation

17
Q

What is the function of Neutrophils?

A

Phagocytosis. Important disease-fighting cells.

18
Q

What are some other names for neutrophils?

A
  1. Phagocytes = they have engulfing and digesting bacteria ability
  2. Polymorphonuclear leukocytes = multi-lobes
19
Q

When is amniocentesis usually performed?

A

During a women’s pregnancy to find:

  1. Genetic Testing
  2. Fetal lung testing
  3. Diagnosis of fetal infection
  4. Treatment for excess aminotic fluid
20
Q

What are the two types of mononuclear leukocytes?

A
  1. Lymphocytes

2. Monocytes

21
Q

What is the function of lymphocytes?

A

Fight disease by producing antibodies that destroy foreign bodies

22
Q

What is the function of monocytes?

A

Engulfed and destroy cellular debris after neutrophils have attached foreign cells

23
Q

What are macrophages?

A

They are monocytes that leave the bloodstream and enter tissue to become a macrophage - large phagocytes

24
Q

What are thrombocytes?

A

Also known as platelets. Necessary for blood clotting. Tiny fragments of blood cells that are formed in the bone marrow.

25
Q

What is acromegaly?

A
  • It is an endocrine disorder
  • Occurs when the pituitary gland produces an excessive amount of growth hormone after completion of puberty
  • Often results from a benign tumor of the pituitary gland
26
Q

What is splenomegaly?

A
  • Enlargement of the spleen

- Occurs with excessive hemolysis (RBCs destroyed)

27
Q

What is the spleen composed of, and what is its function?

A
  • Composed of red and white pulp that essentially grows immune cells.
  • Filters and purify blood by removing dead or old RBCs. Important for immune system as it produces WBCs to fight infections.
28
Q

What is a laparoscope? Laparoscopy?

A
  • A lighted telescopic instrument

- Minimally invasive surgery, used to visually examine abdominal cavity for diseases or other various procedure.

29
Q

What is tracheotomy?

A

An incision into the trachea typically done to open it below a blockage.

30
Q

What is tracheostomy?

A

An opening into the trachea through which an indwelling tube is inserted

31
Q

What are adenoids? What is the literal meaning of it?

What happens if it becomes enlarged?

A
  • Small masses of lymphatic tissue located in the part of the pharynx near the nose and nasal passage
  • Literal meaning: “resembling glands”
  • If it becomes too large it can block the airway from the nose to the pharynx. So surgery required.

Medical Terminology Part 1 (36 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions