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Medical Terminology Part 1 > Chapter 2 Pathologic Conditions Terms > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Pathologic Conditions Terms Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Anorexia

A

Lack of appetite

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2
Q

Ascities

A

Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdomen

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3
Q

Borborgymi

A

Rumbling or gurgling noises produced by the movement of gas, fluid, or both in the gastrointestinal tract

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4
Q

Constipation

A

Difficulty in passing stools (feces)

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5
Q

Diaherra

A

Frequent passage of loose, watery stools

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6
Q

Dysphagia (STUDY GUIDE)

A

Difficulty in swallowing

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7
Q

Eructation

A

Gas expelled from the stomach through the mouth

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8
Q

Flatus

A

Gas expelled through the anus

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9
Q

Hematochezia

A

Passage of fresh, bright red blood from the rectum

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10
Q

Jaundice (icterus)

A

Yellow-orange coloration of the skin and whites of the eyes caused by high levels of bilirubin in the blood (hyperbilirubinemia)

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11
Q

Melena

A

Black, tarry stools; feces containing digested blood

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12
Q

Nausea

A

Unpleasant sensation in the stomach with a tendency to vomit

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13
Q

Steatorrhea

A

Fat in the feces

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14
Q

Aphthous stomatitis

A

Inflammation of the mouth with small, painful ulcers

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15
Q

Dental caries

A

Tooth decay

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16
Q

Herpetic stomatitis

A

Inflammation of the mouth caused by infection with the herpesvirus

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17
Q

Oral leukoplakia

A

White plaques or patches on the mucosa of the mouth

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18
Q

Periodontal disease

A

Inflammation and degeneration of gums, teeth, and surrounding bone.

19
Q

Achalasia (STUDY GUIDE)

A
  • Failure of the lower esophagus sphincter (LES) muscle to relax
  • Disorder of the esophagus that prevents normal swallowing
20
Q

Esophageal cancer

A

Malignant tumor of the esophagus

21
Q

Esophageal varices

A

Swollen, varicose veins at the lower end of the esophagus

22
Q

Gastric cancer

A

Malignant tumor of the stomach

23
Q

Gastroesophageal reflux disease

A

GERD - solids and fluids return to mouth from the stomach

24
Q

Hernia

A

Protrusion of an organ or part through the tissues and muscles normally containing it

25
Q

Peptic ulcer

A

Open sore in the lining of the stomach or duodenum

26
Q

Anal fistula

A

Abnormal tube-like passageway near the anus

27
Q

Colonic polyps

A

Polyps (benign growth) protrude from the mucous membrane of the colon

28
Q

Colorectal cancer

A

Adenocarcinoma of the colon or rectum or both

29
Q

Crohn disease (“Crohn’s”

A

Chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract

30
Q

Diverticulosis

A

Abnormal outpouchings (diverticula) in the intestinal wall of the colon

31
Q

Dysentery

A

Painful inflammation of the intestines commonly caused by bacterial infection

32
Q

Hemorrhoids

A

Swollen, twisted, varicose veins in the rectal region

33
Q

Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)

A

Inflammation of the colon and small intestine.

34
Q

Intussusception

A

Telescoping of the intestines

35
Q

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)

A

Group of GI symptoms (abdominal pain,bloating, diarrhea, constipation), but without defined abnormalities in the intestines.

36
Q

Ulcerative colitis

A

Chronic inflammation of the colon with presence of ulcers

37
Q

Volvulus (STUDY GUIDE)

A

Twisting of the intestine on itself. Volvulus causes intestinal obstructions.

38
Q

Cholelithasis

A

Gallstones in the gallbladder

39
Q

Cirrhosis

A

Chronic degenerative disease of the liver

40
Q

Hepatocellular carcinoma

A

Liver cancer

41
Q

Pancreatic cancer

A

Malignant tumor of the pancreas

42
Q

Pancreatitis

A

Inflammation of the pancreas

43
Q

Viral hepatitis

A

Inflammation of the liver caused by a virus

Medical Terminology Part 1 (36 decks)

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