Chapter 3

Question 1

Culture

Answer 1

learned system of thought and behavior that belongs to and typifies a relatively large group of people - shared beliefs, values and practices

Question 2

Worldview

Answer 2

framework through which you interpret the world

Question 3

Intercultural Communication

Answer 3

communication between people from different cultures with different worldviews

Question 4

High-context cultures

Answer 4

use contextual cues (time, place, relationship, situation) to interpret meaning and send subtle messages (Japan, China, Latin America)

Question 5

Low-context cultures

Answer 5

use direct language and rely less on situational factors (U.S., Canada, Australia, northern Europe)

Question 6

Collectivist cultures

Answer 6

perceive themselves first as a member of a group; emphasize cooperation and group harmony

Question 7

Individualist cultures

Answer 7

value autonomy and privacy, pay little attention to status and hierarchy based on age or family connections

Question 8

Uncertainty avoidance

Answer 8

adapt behaviors to reduce uncertainty and risk

Question 9

Masculine culture

Answer 9

achievement culture; places value on assertiveness, achievement, ambition and competitiveness

Question 10

Feminine culture

Answer 10

nurturing culture; place value on relationships and quality of life

Question 11

Power distance

Answer 11

division of power among individuals

Question 12

Time orientation

Answer 12

the way cultures communicate about and with time

Question 13

Monochronic culture

Answer 13

treat time as a limited resource

Question 14

Polychronic culture

Answer 14

comfortable dealing with multiple people and tasks at the same time

Question 15

hyperbole

Answer 15

vivid, colorful language with emotional intensity and often exaggerated

Question 16

Understatment

Answer 16

language that downplays the intensity or importance of events

Question 17

co-cultures

Answer 17

groups whose members share at least some of the general culture’s system of thought and behavior but also have distinct characteristics or attitudes that unify them and distinguish them from the general culture

Question 18

Generation

Answer 18

group of people who were born during a specific time frame and their attitudes and behavior are shaped by the time’s events and social changes

Question 19

Gender

Answer 19

behavioral and cultural traits assigned to the sexes

Question 20

Social identity theory

Answer 20

personal identity (sense of self) and social identity (comes from group memberships)

Question 21

Ingroups

Answer 21

the groups we belong with

Question 22

outgroups

Answer 22

“others”

Question 23

intergroup communication

Answer 23

focuses on how communication within and between groups affects relationships

Question 24

salient

Answer 24

brought to mind

Question 25

ethnocentrism

Answer 25

belief in the superiority of your own culture

Question 26

discrimination

Answer 26

behavior toward a person or group based solely on their membership in a particular group, class or category

Question 27

Behavior affirmation

Answer 27

seeing or hearing what you want to see or hear in the communication of group members

Question 28

Behavioral confirmation

Answer 28

we act in a way that makes our expectations about a group come true

Question 29

Inercultural sensitivity

Answer 29

mindfulness of behaviors that may offend others

Question 30

intergroup contact theory

Answer 30

interaction between members of different social groups generates a possibility for more positive attitudes to emerge

Question 31

Accomodation

Answer 31

adapt your nonverbal behaviors and language

Question 32

Convergence

Answer 32

shift their language or nonverbal behaviors toward each other’s way of communicating

Question 33

Overaccomodate

Answer 33

go to far in changing your language or changing it based on incorrect or stereotypical ideas of another group