Chapter 12

Question 1

Main Points

Answer 1

central claims that support your speech purpose and thesis

Question 2

Subpoints

Answer 2

provide support for the main points

Question 3

Chronological Pattern

Answer 3

organizes points in a time-related fashion

Question 4

Topical/Categorical Pattern

Answer 4

organization into categories (persons, places, things)

Question 5

Primacy-Recency Effect

Answer 5

audience is likely to remember points from the beginning or the end of the message

Question 6

Spatial Pattern

Answer 6

arranges main points in terms of their physical proximity or position in relation to each other (describing places or scenes and their component parts)

Question 7

Problem-Solution Pattern

Answer 7

dramatize an obstacle and lead audience to your recommended solution

Question 8

Cause-Effect Pattern

Answer 8

organize with information on cause of a topic and the effects; or talk about current situation and the possible causes of them

Question 9

Narrative Pattern

Answer 9

tells a vivid story

Question 10

Motivated Sequence Pattern

Answer 10

5-step plan for organizing a speech: attention, need, satisfaction, visualization, action

Question 11

Transitions

Answer 11

sentences that connect different points/details that allows them to flow naturally

Question 12

Signposts

Answer 12

key words or phrases within sentences to signify a transition (similarly, next, once again, however, oppositely)

Question 13

Internal Previews

Answer 13

prime the audience for the info immediately ahead

Question 14

Internal Summaries

Answer 14

speaker can crystallize the points in one section of a speech before moving to the next section

Question 15

Call to Action

Answer 15

urge listeners to act in response to the speech

Question 16

Outline

Answer 16

structured form of speech content

Question 17

Sentence Outline

Answer 17

full text of what you will say in your speech

Question 18

Phrase Outline

Answer 18

parts of sentences as instant reminders of what the point or subpoint means

Question 19

Key-Word Outline

Answer 19

briefest outline option; key words to jg speaker’s memory

Question 20

Preparation Outline

Answer 20

working outline; a draft you revisit and revise while preparing speech

Question 21

Speaking Outline

Answer 21

delivery outline; final outline complete with details, delivery tips, and important notes

Question 22

Delivery Cues

Answer 22

brief reminders about delivery of speech (speak slowly, loud, etc.)

Question 23

Oral Citations

Answer 23

references to source materials that you mention in the narrative of your speech