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Abnormal Psyc > Chapter 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Clinical assessment

A

evaluation of psychological, social and biological factors an individual has that may be a psychological disorder

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2
Q

funnel analogy

A

want as much info as possible to try and narrow down problem

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3
Q

diagnosis

A

using DSM5, process of determining whether an individual meets the criteria for a psychological disorder

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4
Q

vital components of assessment

A

reliability
validity
standardization

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5
Q

reliability

A

degree to which a measure is consistent
inter-rater reliability: using it correctly
test-retest reliability

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6
Q

validity

A

is it measuring what it is supposed to

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7
Q

Standardization

A

establishment of norms for a measurement technique

provides normative population data

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8
Q

Clinical interviews

A

current and past behaviors, attitudes, and emotions

detailed history of individual and presenting problem

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9
Q

Semi-structured clinical interviews

A

previously established questions

can depart form questions

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10
Q

Physical examination

A

important to rule out or diagnose physical etiologies

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11
Q

Mental status exam

A

preliminary test often used to organize information obtained during interview
-appearance, behavior, thought processes, mood and affect, intellectual functioning, sensorium (aware of surroundings)

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12
Q

Behavior assessment

A

systematic evaluation via direct observation and measurement of clients behavior, thoughts and feelings
ideal where clinical interviews are not appropriate
identify target behaviors

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13
Q

ABC’s of observation

A

antecedents - whats going on before behavior happens
Behavior
Consequences

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14
Q

Informal vs formal behavior assessment

A

Informal follows ABC’s

Formal operationally defined, scientific

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15
Q

Self monitoring observation

A

ask client to take notes about own behavior

ideal for behaviors that occur in private

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16
Q

Psychological testing

A

psychological testing includes specific tools to asses emotions, behavior and cognition

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17
Q

name the personality inventories (2)

A

Minnesota multiphasic

MMPI2

18
Q

neuropsychological tests

A

various tests that measure language, attention, memory, concentration , motor skills, etc.
neuroimaging: CT scans, MRI , PET scan

19
Q

Projective tests

A

ambiguous drawings or situations presented and the individual projects his/her thoughts or feelings

20
Q

Thematic apperception test (TAT)

A

Individuals make inferences based off of ambiguous drawings of human figures
criticism: relies too heavily on interpretation of examiner

21
Q

Rorschachs inkblot test

A

10 inkblots
measures unconscious fears and personality will be projected on inkblots
controversial

22
Q

John Exnor

A

created comprehensive system for inkblots

made them have more reliability and validity

23
Q

Psychological assesment

A

measurements of changes in nervous system ass. w/ emotional events

24
Q

idiographic

A

approach to diagnosing psychological disorders

determination of individual unique features/attributes

25
Q

Nomothetic

A

approach to diagnosing

determination of general classes & common attributes

26
Q

taxonomy

A

classification in scientific context

27
Q

Nosology

A

taxonomy in psychological/medical contexts

28
Q

Nomenclature

A

nosological labels (mood disorder)

29
Q

Categorical approach

A

Emil Kreapelin
each disorder is unique
must meet all criteria to have disorder

30
Q

dimensional approach

A

somewhere on a line

ex: Kinsey’s sexual orientation scale

31
Q

Prototypical approach

A

combines dimensional and categorical

flexible

32
Q

DSM 1 and DSM 2

A

based on unproven theories

unreliable

33
Q

DSM 3 and 3R

A

multiaxial system

must have specific things from each

34
Q

Axes 1

A

major disorders

35
Q

Axes 2

A

chronic disorders

36
Q

Axes 3

A

medical conditions

37
Q

Axes 4

A

amount of psychosocial stess

38
Q

Axes 5

A

rating of adaptive functioning

39
Q

DSM 4 and 4TR

A

based on research
prototypical approach
used 5 axes system
changes axes 2: personality and intellectual disorders
axes 4: psychosocial and enviromental problems that impact disorder

40
Q

DSM 5

A

removed multiaxial system
added social and cultural considerations
some disorders reclassified and new ones added

41
Q

criticisms of DSM 5

A

focuses too much on reliability at expense of validity
complex of categorizing
comorbidity

42
Q

Creating a diagnosis

A

differential diagnosis: make sure it doesn’t fit a different diagnosis then what you are thinking
Use of ICD codes
caution about labeling and stigma

Abnormal Psyc (17 decks)

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