Chapter 3

Question 1

Three Major Cavities

Answer 1

Cranial, thoracic, abdominopelvic

Question 2

Fluid-filled compartments

Answer 2

circulatory system, eyes, CSF

Question 3

Hollow Organs

Answer 3

Heart, Lungs, Blood Vessels, Intestines

Question 4

Lumen

Answer 4

interior of any hollow organ

Question 5

ECF

Answer 5

plasma, interstitial fluid

Question 6

Lipids

Answer 6

phospholipids, sphingolipids, cholesterol

Question 7

Proteins

Answer 7

intergral, peripheral, transmembrane, lipid-anchored

Question 8

Lipid Rafts

Answer 8

Made up of sphingolipids and lipid-anchored proteins

Question 9

Glycocalyx

Answer 9

external surface of the cell, protective layer, glycolipids, glycoproteins

Question 10

Differentiation

Answer 10

Selected genes are active to lead to specialized cells

Question 11

Inclusions

Answer 11

lack membranes, nutrient storage, glycogen granules, lipid droplets

Question 12

Microfilaments

Answer 12

actin fibers

Question 13

Intermediate filaments

Answer 13

Keratin, neurofilaments

Question 14

Microtubules

Answer 14

tubulin

Question 15

Centrosome

Answer 15

assembles tubulin monomers into microtubules

Question 16

Centrioles

Answer 16

direct DNA movement in cell division

Question 17

Cytoskeleton

Answer 17

cell shape, internal organization, intracellular transport, assembly of cell into tissues, movement

Question 18

Myosin

Answer 18

muscle contraction

Question 19

Kinesins/Dyneins

Answer 19

movement of vesicles along microtubules

Question 20

Dyneins

Answer 20

movement of cilia and flagella

Question 21

RER

Answer 21

synthesis of proteins

Question 22

SER

Answer 22

synthesis of fatty acids, steroids, lipids

Question 23

Golgi

Answer 23

sorts, modifies, and packages proteins into vesicles

Question 24

Vesicles

Answer 24

storage, secretory vesicles

Question 25

Lysosomes

Answer 25

break down bacteria and old organelles

Question 26

Perozisomes

Answer 26

break down fatty acids and toxic materials

Question 27

Insoluble protein fibers

Answer 27

collagen, fibronectin, laminin

Question 28

Cadherins

Answer 28

cell-cell junctions such as adherens junctions and desmosomes. Ca2+ dependent

Question 29

Integrins

Answer 29

primarily found in cell-matrix junctions, function in cell signaling

Question 30

Immunoglobulin

Answer 30

responsible for nerve cell growth during nervous system development

Question 31

Selectins

Answer 31

temporary cell-cell adhesions

Question 32

Epithelial

Answer 32

one or more layers, separated from underlying tissue by basal amine, tight, leaky, sheets of tissue cover surfaces or line, secretory

Question 33

Epithelial Layers

Answer 33

simple, stratified

Question 34

Shapes

Answer 34

squamous, cuboidal, columnar

Question 35

Exchange Epithelium

Answer 35

very thin, flattened cells, allow gas exchange, line the blood vessels and lungs, simple squamous epithelium

Question 36

Apical

Answer 36

lumen side

Question 37

Basolateral

Answer 37

faces ECM

Question 38

Exocrine glands

Answer 38

release products to external environments, serous, mucous

Question 39

Matrix fibers

Answer 39

collagen, elastin, fibrillar, fibronectin

Question 40

Loose Connective Tissue

Answer 40

elastic tissues under skin, provide support for small glands

Question 41

Dense Connective Tissues

Answer 41

irregular, regular, provide strength or flexibility

Question 42

Tendons

Answer 42

skeletal muscle to bone

Question 43

Ligaments

Answer 43

bone to bone

Question 44

Cartilage

Answer 44

nose, ears, knee, lacks blood supply

Question 45

Bone

Answer 45

calcified

Question 46

Blood

Answer 46

plasma, blood cells, cell fragments

Question 47

Neural Tissue

Answer 47

neurons, glial

Question 48

Necrosis

Answer 48

death from injury

Question 49

Apoptosis

Answer 49

programmed cell death, cell suicide

Question 50

Hemidesmosomes

Answer 50

tie epidermal cells to fibers of the basal lamina