Chapter 3

Question 1

Water is what kind of molecule?

Answer 1

Dipolar - separation of positive and negative charges

Question 2

What is cohesion?

Answer 2

When water sticks to itself

Question 3

What is adhesion?

Answer 3

When water sticks to other things

Question 4

What is high surface tension?

Answer 4

Molecules at the surface form stronger bonds

Question 5

What is high specific heat?

Answer 5

The higher the specific heat, the longer it takes to heat up

Question 6

How does water moderate temperature?

Answer 6

Due to its high specific heat

Question 7

What is evaporative cooling and what does it do?

Answer 7

Liquid -> gas ; Stabilizes temperatures (humans sweat)

Question 8

Water is less dense in ___ state than in ___ state

Answer 8

Solid, liquid

Question 9

Why is ice less dense than water?

Answer 9

Ice hydrogen bonds are stable while liquid hydrogen bonds are constantly breaking and reforming

Question 10

Why is there a loss of ice on Earth?

Answer 10

Climate change ; Disrupting ecosystems

Question 11

In what ways is water a versatile solvent?

Answer 11

Due to its polarity, it forms hydrogen bonds easily

Question 12

Hydrophilic

Answer 12

Mixes with water

Question 13

Hydrophobic

Answer 13

Does not mix in water

Question 14

Are lipids hydrophilic or hydrophobic?

Answer 14

Hydrophobic ; Otherwise water would fill into out cells causing them to burst

Question 15

Acidic solution

Answer 15

OH- < H+

Question 16

Basic solution

Answer 16

OH- > H+

Question 17

Neutral solution

Answer 17

OH- = H+

Question 18

What is an acid?

Answer 18

Substance that increases H+ concentration (pH <7)

Question 19

What is a base?

Answer 19

Substance that decreases H+ concentration (pH >7)

Question 20

What are buffers?

Answer 20

Substances that minimize changes in concentration of H+ and OH-