Chapter 2b Flashcards
Tissue destruction. A naturally or experimentally caused destruction of brain tissue.
Lesion
An amplified recording of the waves of electrical activity sweeping across the brain’s surface. These waves are measured by electrodes placed on the scalp.
___________________
, also known as
_______________.
Electroencephalogram; EEG
A brain-imaging technique that measures magnetic fields from the brain’s natural electrical activity.
________________
, also known as
____________ .
Magnetoencephalography; MEG
A visual display of brain activity that detects where a radioactive form of glucose goes while the brain performs a given task.
_____________ ____________ ___________
, also known as
__________.
Positron Emission Tomography; PET
A technique that uses magnetic fields and radio waves to produce computer-generated images of soft tissue. MRI scans show brain anatomy.
_______________ ________________ _________________
, also known as
______________.
Magnetic resonance Imaging; MRI
A technique for revealing blood flow and, therefore, brain activity by comparing successive MRI scans. This type of scan shows brain function as well as structure.
Functional MRI
The oldest part and central core of the brain, beginning where the spinal cord swells as it enters the skull; the brainstem is responsible for automatic survival functions.
Brainstem
The base of the brainstem; controls heartbeat and breathing.
Medulla
The brain’s sensory control center, located on top of the brainstem; it directs messages to the sensory receiving areas in the cortex and transmits replies to the cerebellum and medulla.
Thalamus
A nerve network that travels through the brainstem into the thalamus and plays an important role in controlling arousal.
Reticular Fromation
The “little brain” at the rear of the brainstem; functions include processing sensory input, coordinating movement output and balance, and enabling nonverbal learning and memory.
Cerebellum
Neural system (including the amygdala, hypothalamus, (and hippocampus) located below the cerebral hemispheres; associated with emotions and drives.
Limbic System
Two lima-bean-sized neural clusters in the limbic system; linked to emotion.
amygdala
A neural structure lying below (hypo) the thalamus; it directs several maintenance activities (eating, drinking, body temperature), helps govern the endocrine system via the pituitary gland, and is linked to emotion and reward.
Hypothalamus
A neural center located in the limbic system; helps process explicit (conscious) memories - of facts and events - for storage.
Hippocampus
