Chapter 10 Flashcards

1
Q

The ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new situations.

A

Intelligence

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2
Q

According to Spearman and others, underlies all mental abilities and is therefore measured by every task on an intelligence test.

A

General Intelligence

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3
Q

A condition in which a person otherwise limited in mental ability has an exceptional specific skill, such as in computation or drawing.

A

Savant Syndrome

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4
Q

The ability to perceive, understand, manage, and use emotions

A

emotional Intelligence

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5
Q

A method for assessing an individual’s mental aptitudes and comparing them with those of others, using numerical scores.

A

Intelligent Test

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6
Q

A test designed to assess what a person has learned.

A

Achievement Test

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7
Q

A test designed to predict a person’s future performance.

A

Aptitude Test

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8
Q

A measure of intelligence test performance designed by Binet; the level of performance typically associated with children of a certain chronological age.

A

Mental Age

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9
Q

The widely used American revision (by Terman at Stanford University) of Binet’s original intelligence test.

A

Stanford Binet

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10
Q

Defined originally as the ratio of mental age to chronological age multiplied by 100. On contemporary intelligence tests, the average performance for a given age is assigned a score of 100.

A

Intelligence Quotient

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11
Q

Also known as the WAIS, this test and its companion versions for children are the most widely used intelligence tests; they contain verbal and performance (nonverbal) subtests.

A

Weschler Adult Intelligence Scale

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12
Q

Defining uniform testing procedures and meaningful scores by comparison with the performance of a pretested group.

A

Standardization

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13
Q

The bell-shaped curve that describes the distribution of many physical and psychological attributes. Most scores fall near the average, and fewer and fewer scores lie near the extremes.

A

Normal Curve

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14
Q

The extent to which a test yields consistent results, as assessed by the consistency of scores on two halves of the test, on alternative forms of the test, or on retesting.

A

Reliability

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15
Q

The extent to which a test measures or predicts what it is supposed to.

A

Validity

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16
Q

The extent to which a test samples the behavior that is of interest.

A

Content Validity

17
Q

The success with which a test predicts the behavior it is designed to predict; it is assessed by computing the correlation between test scores and the criterion behavior.

A

Predictive Validity

18
Q

Research that compares people of different ages at the same point in time.

A

Cross Sectional Study

19
Q

Research that follows and retests the same people over time.

A

Longitudinal Study

20
Q

A group of people sharing a common characteristic, such as from a given time period.

21
Q

Our accumulated knowledge and verbal skills; tends to increase with age.

A

Crystalized Intelligence

22
Q

Our ability to reason speedily and abstractly; tends to decrease with age, especially during late adulthood.

A

Fluid Intelligence

23
Q

A condition of limited mental ability, indicated by an intelligence test score of 70 or below and difficulty adapting to the demands of life.

A

Intellectual Disability

24
Q

The proportion of variation among individuals in a group that we can attribute to genes. The heritability of a trait may vary, depending on the range of populations and environments studied.

A

Heritability

25
Q

A self-confirming concern that one will be evaluated based a negative stereotype.

A

Stereotype Threat