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BMS 251 > Chapter 28 > Flashcards

Chapter 28 Flashcards

1
Q

organ that secretes testosterone

A

Interstitial cells in seminiferous tubules

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2
Q

Secretes androgen binding protein

A

Sustentacular cells in seminiferous tubules

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3
Q

What does a increase level of testosterone result in?

A

Spermatogenesis, sex drive, development of secondary sex characteristics

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4
Q

Results in development of follicle, secondary sex characteristics, maintain body temperature, bone density, regulate production of cholesterol

A

Estrogen

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5
Q

Production of sperm within seminiferous tubules

A

Spermatogenesis

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6
Q

Diploid cells that remain dormant until puberty for males

A

Spermatogonia

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7
Q

What happens to the spermatogonia at puberty?

A

Begin dividing by mitosis

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8
Q

Undergo meiosis I and II to produce 2 spermatids

A

Primary spermatocytes

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9
Q

Located near the lumen of seminiferous tubules

A

Spermatids

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10
Q

Final stage of spermatogenesis

A

Spermiogenesis

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11
Q

Mature sperm, composed of acrosome cap, contains digestive enzymes, tail for locomotion, mid piece that contains mitochondria

A

Spermatozoa

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12
Q

Composed of seminal fluid from accessory glands combined with sperm

A

Semen

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13
Q

Alkaline fluid, fructose, prostaglandins, helps with going through the vagina

A

Seminal Vesicles

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14
Q

Citric acid, mucin, seminal plasm, prostate specific antigens,

A

Prostate gland

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15
Q

Mucin for lubrication

A

Bulbourethral gland

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16
Q

Substance that causes the vasodilation of erectile tissue, compress venules, increases blood flow

A

Nitric oxide

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17
Q

Period of time of intense feelings of pleasure and expulsion of semen

A

Orgasm

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18
Q

Occurs when sympathetic nervous system stimulates smooth muscles of the urethra

A

Ejaculation

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19
Q

Time where men cannot attain another erection

A

Refractory period

20
Q

Oocyte + follicle cells

A

Ovarian follicle

21
Q

Primary oocyte, single layer of flattened follicle cells

A

Primordial follicle

22
Q

Primary oocyte + one of more cuboidal follicle cells = granolas cells

A

Primary follicle

23
Q

Primary oocyte + many layers of granulosa cells + thecal cells + antrum

A

Secondary follicle

24
Q

Secondary oocyte + many layers of granulosa cells + thecal cells + antrum

A

Vesicular follicle

25
Q

Remnants of follicle, collapsed folds of granulosa cells

A

Corpus luteum

26
Q

Degenerated corpus luteum

A

Corpus albicans

27
Q

Maturation of primary oocyte to secondary oocyte within the ovary

A

Oogenesis

28
Q

FSH and LH stimulate primordial follicles to mature into primary follicles, thecal cells secrete androgens, granolas cells convert androgens into estrogen

A

Follicular phase

29
Q

Release of oocyte from vesicular follicle; stimulation of hypothalamus and anterior pituitary gland surge in LH

A

Ovulation

30
Q

LH converts remaining follicle cells become cuprous lute, progesterone and estrogen are secreted to stabilize and build uterine lining to prepare for implantation.

A

Luteal phase

31
Q

What happens to the corpus luteum if no fertilization occurs?

A

slowly degenerate next 10-12 days

32
Q

What does the corpus luteum become after it degenerates?

A

Corpus albicans

33
Q

as estrogen and progesterone decrease ___ decreases

A

LH

34
Q

what happens to the corpus luteum if fertilization occurs?

A

Stays that way for 3 months, estrogen and progesterone increase, degenerates after placenta is formed

35
Q

Outer layer of uterus

A

Perimetrium

36
Q

Middle layer of uterus

A

Myometrium

37
Q

Inner layer

A

Endometrium

38
Q

Development of endometrium

A

Uterine cycle

39
Q

Sloughing off functional layer of endometrium, only occurs if fertilization does not occur

A

Menstrual phase

40
Q

Development of new functional layer, secondary and vesicular follicles developing= increase in granulosa cells

A

Proliferative phase

41
Q

Increase thickness of functional layer, increase vascularization, develop uterine glands

A

secretory phase

42
Q

Provides nutrition until placenta forms

A

Uterine glands

43
Q

During the sexual excitement of females, where does blood flow increase?

A

Mammary glands, clitoris, labia, wall of vagina

44
Q

When is the onset of menopause?

A

45-55

45
Q

Lack of ovarian follicles or maturation has halted for at least a year; decrease in estrogen/progesterone= no uterine lining buildup and no menstrual cycle

A

Menopause

BMS 251 (12 decks)

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