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BMS 251 > Chapter 21 > Flashcards

Chapter 21 Flashcards

1
Q

Fluid that surrounds tissue cells; comes from capillaries and hydrostatic pressure that moves into tissues

A

Interstitial/extracellular fluid

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2
Q

Interstitial fluid in lymph capillaries

A

lymph

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3
Q

What makes up lymph?

A

Water, dissolved solutes, hormones, small amount of proteins

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4
Q

Returns fluid back to blood circulation; smallest lymph vessels that are close-ended

A

lymph capillaries

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5
Q

Where are lymph capillaries located?

A

in and around blood capillaries

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6
Q

What do overlapping endothelial cells do for lymphatic capillaries?

A

lets fluid in not out

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7
Q

specialized lymph capillaries located in GI tract; responsible for absorption of lipid soluble substances

A

Lacteals

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8
Q

Steps for movement of lymph into lymphatic capillaries

A

Increase in hydrostatic pressure, pushes interstitial fluid in lymph capillaries, traps lymph so it won’t escape

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9
Q

Larger structures that transport lymph

A

Lymphatic vessels

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10
Q

Where are lymphatic vessels located?

A

Superficial veins, deep arteries and veins

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11
Q

Do lymphatic vessels have low or high pressure?

A

low

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12
Q

What moves lymph through lymphatic vessels?

A

valves, skeletal muscle pump, respiratory pump, pulsatile movement of blood

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13
Q

Remove lymph from a specific region

A

Lymphatic trunk

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14
Q

Drain lymph from head and neck

A

Jugular trunk

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15
Q

Remove lymph from upper limbs, breast, superficial thoracic wall

A

Subclavian trunk

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16
Q

Remove lymph from deep thoracic structures

A

Bronchomediastinal trunk

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17
Q

Drain lymph from most abdominal structures

A

Intestinal trunk

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18
Q

Remove lymph from lower limbs, pelvic organs, abdominopelvic wall

A

Lumbar trunk

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19
Q

Located near the right clavicle; collect lymph from right side of body above diaphragm and dump it into the right subclavian vein

A

Right lymphatic duct

20
Q

Larger extends from diaphragm to near the left clavicle; dumps lymph into left subclavian vein

A

Left lymphatic duct

21
Q

Sac at the base of the thoracic duct; receive lymph from small intestine and lumbar trunks

A

Cisterna chyli

22
Q

Involves in formation and maturation of lymphocytes

A

Primary lymphatic structures

23
Q

What are some examples of primary lymphatic structures?

A

Red bone marrow, thymus

24
Q

Serve house to lymphocytes and immune cells, site where immune response is initiated

A

Secondary lymphatic structures

25
Q

What are some examples of secondary lymphatic structures?

A

lymph nodes, spleen, tonsils, MALT, lymphatic nodules

26
Q

Production and maturation of lymphocytes in bone marrow

A

Lymphopoiesis

27
Q

Produce antibodies; indirectly attacks pathogen

A

B-lymphocytes

28
Q

Coordinate immune response, directly attacks pathogen

A

T-lymphocytes

29
Q

B-lymphocytes maturation, formation of all formed elements

A

Red bone marrow

30
Q

Where is red bone marrow located?

A

Within spongy bone

31
Q

T-lymphocytes maturation and formation

A

Thymus

32
Q

Where is the thymus located?

A

superior mediastinum (adults), anterior and superior mediastinum (kids)

33
Q

Small round encapsulated structures that filter lymph and remove unwanted material

A

Lymph nodes

34
Q

Where are lymph nodes located?

A

Intersections of lymph vessels

35
Q

Lymph from head and neck

A

Cervical lymph nodes

36
Q

Lymph from upper limbs, axillary, breast

A

Axillary lymph nodes

37
Q

Lymph from lower limbs and pelvis

A

Inguinal lymph nodes

38
Q

Where is the spleen located?

A

Left upper quadrant of abdomen, underneath the diaphragm

39
Q

What is the function of the spleen?

A

Phagocytosis of bacteria, filter blood, blood reservoir

40
Q

What type of formed element in blood does the spleen house?

A

Platelets

41
Q

Non-encapsulated lymphatic tissue that trap and eliminate foreign material from entering digestive or respiratory system

A

Tonsils

42
Q

Posterior wall of nasopharynx

A

Pharyngeal tonsils (adenoids)

43
Q

Posterolateral region of oral cavity

A

Palatine tonsils

44
Q

posterior 1/3 of tongue

A

Lingual tonsils

45
Q

Clusters of lymphatic tissue to defend against foreign materials

A

MALT (mucosa associated lymphatic tissue)

46
Q

Where is MALT located?

A

lining of GI tract, respiratory tract, urinary tract, reproductive tract

47
Q

Collection of lymphatic tissues in small intestine

A

Peyer patches

BMS 251 (12 decks)

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