Chapter 21

Question 1

Fluid that surrounds tissue cells; comes from capillaries and hydrostatic pressure that moves into tissues

Answer 1

Interstitial/extracellular fluid

Question 2

Interstitial fluid in lymph capillaries

Answer 2

lymph

Question 3

What makes up lymph?

Answer 3

Water, dissolved solutes, hormones, small amount of proteins

Question 4

Returns fluid back to blood circulation; smallest lymph vessels that are close-ended

Answer 4

lymph capillaries

Question 5

Where are lymph capillaries located?

Answer 5

in and around blood capillaries

Question 6

What do overlapping endothelial cells do for lymphatic capillaries?

Answer 6

lets fluid in not out

Question 7

specialized lymph capillaries located in GI tract; responsible for absorption of lipid soluble substances

Answer 7

Lacteals

Question 8

Steps for movement of lymph into lymphatic capillaries

Answer 8

Increase in hydrostatic pressure, pushes interstitial fluid in lymph capillaries, traps lymph so it won’t escape

Question 9

Larger structures that transport lymph

Answer 9

Lymphatic vessels

Question 10

Where are lymphatic vessels located?

Answer 10

Superficial veins, deep arteries and veins

Question 11

Do lymphatic vessels have low or high pressure?

Answer 11

low

Question 12

What moves lymph through lymphatic vessels?

Answer 12

valves, skeletal muscle pump, respiratory pump, pulsatile movement of blood

Question 13

Remove lymph from a specific region

Answer 13

Lymphatic trunk

Question 14

Drain lymph from head and neck

Answer 14

Jugular trunk

Question 15

Remove lymph from upper limbs, breast, superficial thoracic wall

Answer 15

Subclavian trunk

Question 16

Remove lymph from deep thoracic structures

Answer 16

Bronchomediastinal trunk

Question 17

Drain lymph from most abdominal structures

Answer 17

Intestinal trunk

Question 18

Remove lymph from lower limbs, pelvic organs, abdominopelvic wall

Answer 18

Lumbar trunk

Question 19

Located near the right clavicle; collect lymph from right side of body above diaphragm and dump it into the right subclavian vein

Answer 19

Right lymphatic duct

Question 20

Larger extends from diaphragm to near the left clavicle; dumps lymph into left subclavian vein

Answer 20

Left lymphatic duct

Question 21

Sac at the base of the thoracic duct; receive lymph from small intestine and lumbar trunks

Answer 21

Cisterna chyli

Question 22

Involves in formation and maturation of lymphocytes

Answer 22

Primary lymphatic structures

Question 23

What are some examples of primary lymphatic structures?

Answer 23

Red bone marrow, thymus

Question 24

Serve house to lymphocytes and immune cells, site where immune response is initiated

Answer 24

Secondary lymphatic structures

Question 25

What are some examples of secondary lymphatic structures?

Answer 25

lymph nodes, spleen, tonsils, MALT, lymphatic nodules

Question 26

Production and maturation of lymphocytes in bone marrow

Answer 26

Lymphopoiesis

Question 27

Produce antibodies; indirectly attacks pathogen

Answer 27

B-lymphocytes

Question 28

Coordinate immune response, directly attacks pathogen

Answer 28

T-lymphocytes

Question 29

B-lymphocytes maturation, formation of all formed elements

Answer 29

Red bone marrow

Question 30

Where is red bone marrow located?

Answer 30

Within spongy bone

Question 31

T-lymphocytes maturation and formation

Answer 31

Thymus

Question 32

Where is the thymus located?

Answer 32

superior mediastinum (adults), anterior and superior mediastinum (kids)

Question 33

Small round encapsulated structures that filter lymph and remove unwanted material

Answer 33

Lymph nodes

Question 34

Where are lymph nodes located?

Answer 34

Intersections of lymph vessels

Question 35

Lymph from head and neck

Answer 35

Cervical lymph nodes

Question 36

Lymph from upper limbs, axillary, breast

Answer 36

Axillary lymph nodes

Question 37

Lymph from lower limbs and pelvis

Answer 37

Inguinal lymph nodes

Question 38

Where is the spleen located?

Answer 38

Left upper quadrant of abdomen, underneath the diaphragm

Question 39

What is the function of the spleen?

Answer 39

Phagocytosis of bacteria, filter blood, blood reservoir

Question 40

What type of formed element in blood does the spleen house?

Answer 40

Platelets

Question 41

Non-encapsulated lymphatic tissue that trap and eliminate foreign material from entering digestive or respiratory system

Answer 41

Tonsils

Question 42

Posterior wall of nasopharynx

Answer 42

Pharyngeal tonsils (adenoids)

Question 43

Posterolateral region of oral cavity

Answer 43

Palatine tonsils

Question 44

posterior 1/3 of tongue

Answer 44

Lingual tonsils

Question 45

Clusters of lymphatic tissue to defend against foreign materials

Answer 45

MALT (mucosa associated lymphatic tissue)

Question 46

Where is MALT located?

Answer 46

lining of GI tract, respiratory tract, urinary tract, reproductive tract

Question 47

Collection of lymphatic tissues in small intestine

Answer 47

Peyer patches