Chapter 27

Question 1

What stem of the verb is the present adverbial participle built on?

Answer 1

present tense stem

Question 2

What type of action does the present adverbial participle describe?

Answer 2

continuous

Question 3

adverbial participle

Answer 3

action described by the participle is related to the verb

Question 4

True or False: Uses -ing form of the participle in translation

Answer 4

true

Question 5

What two key words can be used to preface the translation of a present adverbial participle, if appropriate?

Answer 5

while or because

Question 6

What happens if the verb is active?

Answer 6

the word it modifies does the action of the participle

Question 7

What happens if the verb is passive?

Answer 7

the word it modifies receives the action

Question 8

Is the adverbial participle always anarthrous?

Answer 8

yes

Question 9

What does anarthrous mean?

Answer 9

not preceded by the article

Question 10

What is also fitting for the present participle to be called?

Answer 10

continuous - it is not about tense

Question 11

Chart: Present (continuous) participle - active

Answer 11

present tense stem + connecting vowel + participle morpheme + case endings

Question 12

How many morphemes are participles formed from?

Answer 12

only 4 - they undergo variation in tenses and genders and therefore must be memorized

Question 13

usualpresent active morpheme

Answer 13

vt

Question 14

When does the usual active morpheme (vt) appear

Answer 14

in the masculine and neuter, and 3rd declension

Question 15

present active morpheme in present feminine

Answer 15

ousa

Question 16

What is true of the active morpheme in present feminine

Answer 16

always different from masculine and neuter, first declension in all tenses

Question 17

middle/passive morpheme for present active participle

Answer 17

mevo/mene

Question 18

In what participle form does mevo appear

Answer 18

masculine and neuter

Question 19

In what participle form does meve appear

Answer 19

feminine

Question 20

True or False: the participle morpheme should be as important of an indicator as the tense formative

Answer 20

true

Question 21

What is ovt and case ending a clue for

Answer 21

quite sure the word is an active participle

Question 22

What is omevo/e and case ending a clue for

Answer 22

probably middle/passive

Question 23

What is the key to learning participles?

Answer 23

memorize the main 6 forms of each participle: nominative and genitive singular, all three genders, with connecting vowel and case endings

Question 24

What other formation do contract verbs follow

Answer 24

indicative

Question 25

3 characterisitics of present active participle forms of eimi

Answer 25

look like participle morpheme with case endings, always have a smooth breathing, and translate with English participle ‘being’

Question 26

What 3 things should be considered when translating a participle?

Answer 26

aspect, voice, meaning

Question 27

What should be considered regarding aspect?

Answer 27

translation should match participle aspect (present, active, middle)

Question 28

What should be considered regarding voice?

Answer 28

be either active, middle, or passive depending on verb’s stem and participle morpheme (keep in mind deponent)

Question 29

What should be considered regarding meaning?

Answer 29

think about what lexical form of word means - including finding participles case, number, and gender to see what word it is modifying

Question 30

3 Common ways to translate adverbial participles

Answer 30

1 - easiest to translate with -ing form of English verb (use being if passive) 2 - some adverbial participles may require key word ‘while’ before -ing form (temporal), 3 - use ‘because’ to give cause or reason for something (causal)

Question 31

What does the temporal use of the adverbial participle refer to?

Answer 31

required by adverbial participle it is used with

Question 32

What does the causal use of the adverbial participle refer to?

Answer 32

give cause or reason for something