Ch. 33: Imperative Flashcards
What are the three functions of the imperative?
(Imperative of:)
- …Command
- …Entreaty
- …Prohibition (+emphatic negation)
What are the 4 + 1 constructions of prohibitions listed?
- οὐ + Future Indicative (Simplest Negation)
- μή + Present Imperative (Prohibiting Continuous Action)
- μή + Aorist Imperative (Prohibiting Undefined Action)
- μή + Aorist Subjunctive (Strong than #1)
- οὐ μή + Aorist Subjunctive (Emphatic Negation; Stronger than #4; Very firm, “This will never happen!”
What is the imperative εἰμί, s + p, and what is special about it?
It only has second and third person:
2s: ἴσθι
3s: ἔστω
2p: ἔστε
3p: ἔστωσαν
The Present (continuous) imperative is built on what stem?
Present Stem
The Aorist (undefined) imperative is built on what stem, and what is notable about it?
Aorist stem (without augment)
What do you do in the case of a 3rd person imperative?
Use “Let” and add pronoun.
What are the four perfect imperatives used in the NT?
- πεφίμωσο (φιμόω, Mark 4:39)
- ἔρρωσθε (ῥώννυμι, Acts 15:29)
3-4. ἴστε (οἶδα, Eph 5:5; Jas 1:19)
What is the Present: Active, Middle, and Passive?
ACTIVE:
2s: -ε
3s: -ετω
2p: -ετε
3p: -ετωσαν
MIDDLE:
2s: -ου
3s: -εσθω
2p: -εσθε
3p: -εσθωσαν
PASSIVE:
2s: -ου
3s: -εσθω
2p: -εσθε
3p: -εσθωσαν
What is the FIRST Αοrist: Active, Middle, and Passive?
ACTIVE:
2s: -σον
3s: -σατω
2p: -σατε
3p: -σατωσαν
MIDDLE:
2s: -σαι
3s: -ασθω
2p: -σασθε
3p: -σασθωσαν
PASSIVE:
2s: -θητι
3s: -θητω
2p: -θητε
3p: -θητωσαν
What is the SECOND Αοrist: Active, Middle, and Passive?
–Same as the Present Tense, but uses 2nd Aor Stem–
ACTIVE:
2s: -ε
3s: -ετω
2p: -ετε
3p: -ετωσαν
MIDDLE:
2s: -ου
3s: -εσθω
2p: -εσθε
3p: -εσθωσαν
PASSIVE:
2s: -ου
3s: -εσθω
2p: -εσθε
3p: -εσθωσαν