Chapter 26 Soft Tissue Trauma

Question 1

Key Terms

a scratch or scrape

Answer 1

Abrasion

Question 2

Key Terms

the surgical removal or traumatic severing of a body part, usually an extremity

Answer 2

Amputation

Question 3

Key Terms

the tearing away or tearing off of a piece or flap of skin or other soft tissue. This term also may be used for an eye pulled from its socket or a tooth dislodged from its socket

Answer 3

Avulsion

Question 4

Key Terms

any material used to hold a dressing in place

Answer 4

Bandage

Question 5

Key Terms

an internal injury with no open pathway from the outside

Answer 5

Closed Wound

Question 6

Key Terms

a bruise

Answer 6

Contusion

Question 7

Key Terms

an injury caused when force is transmitted from the body’s exterior to its internal structures. Bones can be broken; muscles, nerves, and tissues damaged; and internal organs ruptured, causing internal bleeding

Answer 7

Crush Injury

Question 8

Key Terms

the inner (second) layer of the skin found beneath the epidermis. It is rich in blood vessels and nerves

Answer 8

Dermis

Question 9

Key Terms

any material (preferably sterile) used to cover a wound that will help control bleeding and prevent additional contamination

Answer 9

Dressing

Question 10

Key Terms

the outer layer of the skin

Answer 10

Epidermis

Question 11

Key Terms

a burn in which all the layers of the skin are damaged. There are usually areas that are charred black or areas that are dry and white. Also called a “third-degree burn”

Answer 11

Full Thickness Burn

Question 12

Key Terms

a swelling caused by the collection of blood under the skin or in damaged tissues as a result of an injured or broken blood vessel

Answer 12

Hematoma

Question 13

Key Terms

a cut

Answer 13

Laceration

Question 14

Key Terms

any dressing that forms an airtight seal

Answer 14

Occlusive Dressing

Question 15

Key Terms

an injury in which the skin is interrupted, exposing the tissue beneath

Answer 15

Open Wound

Question 16

Key Terms

a burn in which the epidermis (first layer of skin) is burned through and the dermis (second layer) is damaged. Burns of this type cause reddening, blistering, and a mottled appearance. Also called a “second-degree burn.”

Answer 16

Partial Thickness Burn

Question 17

Key Terms

a dressing applied tightly to control bleeding

Answer 17

Pressure Dressing

Question 18

Key Terms

an open wound that tears through the skin and destroys underlying tissues. A penetrating ________ _____ has both an entrance and an exit wound

Answer 18

Puncture Wound

Question 19

Key Terms

a method for estimating the extent of a burn. For an adult, each of the following areas represents 9 percent of the body surface: the head and neck, each upper extremity, the chest, the abdomen, the upper back, the lower back and the buttocks, the front of each lower extremity. The remaining 1 percent is assigned to the genital region. For an infant or child, the percentages are modified so 18 percent is assigned to the head, 14 percent to each lower extremity

Answer 19

Rule of Nines

Question 20

Key Terms

a method for estimating the extent of a burn. The palm and fingers of the patient’s own hand, which equals about 1 percent of the body’s surface area, is compared with the patient’s burn to estimate its size

Answer 20

Rule of Palm

Question 21

Key Terms

the layers of fat and soft tissues found below the dermis

Answer 21

Subcutaneous Layers

Question 22

Key Terms

a burn that involves only the epidermis, the outer layer of the skin. It is characterized by reddening of the skin and perhaps some swelling. A common example is a sunburn. Also called a “first-degree burn”

Answer 22

Superficial Burn

Question 23

Key Terms

a bulky dressing

Answer 23

Universal Dressing

Question 24

Short Answer

List three types of closed soft-tissue injuries.

Answer 24

The three types of closed soft-tissue injuries are contusions, hematomas, and crush injuries.

Question 25

Short Answer

List four types of open soft-tissue injuries.

Answer 25

Types of open soft-tissue injuries are abrasions, lacerations, punctures, avulsions, amputations, and crush injuries.

Question 26

Short Answer

Explain when you would remove an object impaled in the cheek and when you would, instead, stabilize an object impaled in the cheek.

Answer 26

An object impaled in the cheek should only be removed if it has already gone through the inside surface of the cheek and can be easily pulled out in the same direction that it entered. If this cannot be done, the object should be stabilized in place.

Question 27

Short Answer

Describe the three classifications (depths) of burns.

Answer 27

The three classifications of burns are:

• Superficial burn—a burn that involves only the epidermis.
• Partial thickness burn—a burn in which the epidermis is burned through and the dermis is damaged.
• Full thickness burn—a burn in which all the layers of the skin are damaged.

Question 28

Short Answer

Differentiate between a dressing and a bandage.

Answer 28

The difference between a dressing and a bandage is that a dressing is placed directly on a wound and a bandage holds a dressing in place.

Question 29

Short Answer

List the qualities and purpose of an effective bandage. How can you tell if a bandage is improperly applied?

Answer 29

The qualities of an effective bandage are that it should hold a dressing snugly in place and cover all four of its edges but not restrict blood supply. If a bandage is too loose, it will slip around. Pain, pale or cyanotic skin, cold skin, numbness, and tingling are all indications that a bandage may be too tight.