Biloxi EMT Ch 16 Respiratory Emergencies Flashcards
Dyspnea is MOST accurately defined as:
a. shortness of breath or difficulty breathing.
b. a complete cessation of respiratory effort.
c. a marked increase in the exhalation phase.
d. labored breathing with reduced tidal volume.
a. shortness of breath or difficulty breathing.
The two processes that occur during respiration are:
a. ventilation and diffusion.
b. inspiration and expiration.
c. diffusion and oxygenation.
d. oxygenation and ventilation.
b. inspiration and expiration.
Which of the following is MOST characteristic of adequate breathing?
a. 22 breaths/min with an irregular pattern of breathing and cyanosis
b. 20 breaths/min with shallow movement of the chest wall and pallor
c. 24 breaths/min with bilaterally equal breath sounds and pink skin
d. 30 breaths/min with supraclavicular retractions and clammy skin
c. 24 breaths/min with bilaterally equal breath sounds and pink skin
Asthma is caused by a response of the:
a. immune system.
b. endocrine system.
c. respiratory system.
d. cardiovascular system.
a. immune system.
Hyperventilation could be associated with all of the following, EXCEPT:
a. a narcotic overdose.
b. a respiratory infection.
c. an overdose of aspirin.
d. high blood glucose levels.
a. a narcotic overdose.
Harsh, high-pitched inspiratory sounds are characteristic of:
a. rales.
b. stridor.
c. rhonchi.
d. wheezing.
b. stridor.
A conscious and alert 29-year-old female with a history of asthma complains of difficulty breathing that began after her morning jog. The temperature outside is 40 degrees F (5 degrees C). On exam, you hear bilateral expiratory wheezing. After providing supplemental oxygen, you should:
a. place her in a recumbent position to facilitate breathing.
b. contact medical control and administer an antihistamine.
c. call medical control and ask how to proceed with treatment.
d. determine if she has been prescribed a beta-agonist inhaler.
d. determine if she has been prescribed a beta-agonist inhaler.
In what areas of the lungs does respiration occur?
a. Alveoli
b. Trachea
c. Bronchi
d. Capillaries
a. Alveoli
In order for efficient pulmonary gas exchange to occur:
a. the percentage of inhaled carbon dioxide must exceed the percentage of inhaled oxygen.
b. there must be low quantities of pulmonary surfactant to allow for full alveolar expansion.
c. the pulmonary capillaries must be completely contracted and the alveoli must be collapsed.
d. oxygen and carbon dioxide must be able to freely diffuse across the alveolar-capillary membrane.
d. oxygen and carbon dioxide must be able to freely diffuse across the alveolar-capillary membrane.
An alert patient presents with a regular pattern of inhalation and exhalation and breath sounds that are clear and equal on both sides of the chest. These findings are consistent with:
a. an obstructed airway.
b. adequate air exchange.
c. respiratory difficulty.
d. respiratory insufficiently.
b. adequate air exchange.
Which of the following conditions would be LEAST likely to result in hypoxia?
a. Pleural effusion
b. Severe anxiety
c. Pulmonary edema
d. Narcotic overdose
b. Severe anxiety
Common signs and symptoms of acute hyperventilation syndrome include:
a. altered mental status and bradycardia.
b. unilateral paralyses and slurred speech.
c. anxiety, dizziness, and severe bradypnea.
d. tachypnea and tingling in the extremities.
d. tachypnea and tingling in the extremities.
When auscultating the lungs of a patient with respiratory distress you hear adventitious sounds. This means that the patient has:
a. normal breath sounds.
b. abnormal breath sounds.
c. diminished breath sounds.
d. an absence of breath sounds.
b. abnormal breath sounds.
When assessing for fluid collection in the lungs during auscultation of lung sounds, you should:
a. note the presence of a high-pitched whistling sound, which is an indicator of fluid in the lungs.
b. pay special attention to the exhalation phase because this is when you will likely hear rales, or rhonchi.
c. auscultate the posterior chest first and compare the apex of one lung to the base of the opposite lung.
d. start at the lower lung fields and determine at which level you start hearing clear breath sounds.
d. start at the lower lung fields and determine at which level you start hearing clear breath sounds.
Which of the following statements regarding pulse oximetry is correct?
a. The pulse oximeter is a valuable assessment tool that measures the percentage of red blood cells that contain hemoglobin molecules.
b. Caution must be exercised when using the pulse oximeter on a patient with carbon monoxide poisoning because falsely low readings are common.
c. Pulse oximetry measures the percentage of hemoglobin that is saturated with oxygen but does not measure the actual hemoglobin content of the blood.
d. Most otherwise healthy patients can maintain adequate oxygenation and good skin color with oxygen saturation readings as low as 70% to 80%.
c. Pulse oximetry measures the percentage of hemoglobin that is saturated with oxygen but does not measure the actual hemoglobin content of the blood.
