Chapter 24 Overhaul Flashcards
Define Overhaul
Overhaul consists of the search for and the extinguishment of hidden or remaining fires; placing the building, its contents and the fire area in safe condition; possibly determining the origin/cause of the fire and recognizing and preserving any evidence of arson.
What are the 8 purposes of overhaul?
- Locate and extinguish Hidden Fires.
- Prevent Rekindle
- Prevent Unnecessary Damage.a 4.Help To Find the Cause of the Fire
- Preserve Evidence.
- Prevent Recurrence.
- Make the Structure Safe.
- Provide for Good Public Relations
What is the primary objective of overhaul?
The primary objective of overhaul is to look for hidden fires and put them out.
What are the four steps to establish safe conditions during overhaul?
- Inspect the premises 2.Develop a sound operational plan 3.provide essential equipment 4. eliminate any hazards
What are the nine signs of Dangerous building conditions/ structural instability?
-Weakened (spongy) floor due to the joists being burned away.
-Concrete that has spalled due to heat. (superheated steam/ heat permeates the concrete and causes pressure to build- up weakening the integrity of the concrete)
-Weakened steel roof trusses. (integrity affected at 260 degrees C)
-Walls offset because of elongation of steel roof supports
-Weakened roof trusses due to burn through of key members
-Mortar in the wall joints open due to excessive heat
-Wall ties holding veneer walls melted from heat
-Unusual noises or sounds from the structure
-Collected fire water or water soaked materials causing potential overload on the structure
What are common injuries encountered during overhaul?
-Trips of falls through weakened structural components or over debris
-Stepping on dangerous objects such as glass, nails, or other sharp objects
-Cuts, puncture wounds, and eye injuries that could be prevented by wearing proper protective equipment
-Strains and sprains that can be prevented through physical conditioning or using safe practices during the operations
-prevent fatigue by allowing plenty of time for rehab during the operation. a tired firefighter is an unsafe firefighter
-Respiratory injuries for the inhalation of toxic or asphyxiant airborne contaminants
What should you always wear during overhaul?
Always wear proper protective clothing and self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) during overhaul operations
What are the four methods used to detect hidden fires
- Sight
- Touch
- Sound
- Electronic sensors
When using SIGHT to find hidden fires what are you looking for?
-Discoloration of materials
-Peeling or bubbling of paint
-Smoke emission from cracks
-Cracked plaster or masonry
-Rippled wallpaper
When using TOUCH to find hidden fires what are you feeling for?
Feel walls and floors for heat with the back of the hand
When using SOUND to find hidden fires what are you listening for?
-Popping cracking or burning
-Hissing of steam
When using ELECTRONIC SENSORS to search for hidden fires what are you using?
Thermal imaging cameras/Infrared cameras(T.I.C.s), 3M temperature Probe
Where does extension happen?
Extension often happens through concealed spaces
Name some examples of common concealed spaces
-Within walls or partitions
-Attics or cocklofts
-Basements
-Above ceilings
-Below floors
-Air shafts, pipe, chases, and ducts
Opening ceilings from below may involve the use of…
A Pike Pole, New York Hook, or Plaster Hook
What is the ceiling removal procedure?
1.When pulling a ceiling, stand to the side of the area to be opened
2.Pull down and away from you to prevent contact wit falling ceiling material
3.wear full protective clothing including SCBA when pulling ceilings/ shields down
4.Take special care when you open ceilings covered with gypsum (sheetrock, drywall) because materials tend to come down in large sections
5.Check around plumbing fixtures for extension into the wall
6.Insulation material will often harbor hidden fire for a long time; you will have to remove it in order to locate deep-seated fire. CELLULOSE FIBER USUALLY HAS TO BE COMPLETLY REMOVED.
What units have T.I.C.s?
All pumps,ladders,rescues and tankers are equipped with T.I.C.s
What hose stream should be used during overhaul?
Since a strait stream can scatter materials, a light fog stream should be used during overhaul. at this stage of extinguishment, the priority is to limit property damage from water rather than fire: use only as much water as necessary.
What are some special considerations when performing overhaul in dusty environments?
1.Inspect all ledges, beams, or other places dust might collect
2.Grain bins or any other type of product storage bins that emit dust should be well wetted during overhaul to reduce the chances of a dust explosion
3.Baled hay or straw may pose special overhaul problems. In some cases, heavy equipment may be used to separate and spread hay bales in open fields so that the fully exposed material can burn under control
4.When straw or hay bales are burning, separate and cover exposures and let them burn if safe to do so. if it is not safe to let the bales burn, extinguish the fire with a wetting agent, class A foam or water (piercing nozzle)
what overhaul tools are used to open ceilings?
Pike pole, Plaster hooks, and new York hooks
What tools are used for opening jambs castings walls and floors
Axes, Halligan, and New York hook
What power tools are used for opening walls and floors for overhaul?
Power saws (Cut Off and Chainsaw)
Which tool is considered on of the most beneficial overhaul tools at your disposal?
Scott X380N Thermal Imaging Camera
What are the four categories used to determine the cause of a fire?
Natural
Accidental
Arson
Unknown
What are precautions and guidelines for protecting evidence
1.Avoid trampleing evidnce
2.Avoid excessive use of water
3.Protect footprints and tire marks by placing a box or similar object over them
4.Protect partially or wholly burned papers found in furnaces, fireplaces or stoves by closing dampers and other openings
5.Keep items such as charred documents found in garbage cans and file cabinets in the containers where you found them and keep them away from drafts
6.Leave piles of char undisturbed
7.Never throw debris into a pile - evidence can get buried and permanently lost
8.Work as a team; never pick up money/ valuables without a witness. Always protect yourself from compromising situations
9.Limiting the amount of personnel entering the building can help protect suspected areas of origin
Explain how to expose hidden fires.
Outline the procedures involved in assisting in determining point of origin, cause, and the
protection of evidence at a fire scene.
Know types of fire attack lines and water application devices most effective for overhaul.
Know the types of tools and methods used to expose hidden fire.
Understand the dangers associated with overhaul.
