Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

EFRS Class 159 > Chapter 13 Fire Behavior > Flashcards

Chapter 13 Fire Behavior Flashcards

1
Q

A __________ __________ occurs when a substance remains chemically unchanged but changes in
size, shape, or appearance.

A

physical change

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

A __________ __________ occurs when a substance changes from one type of matter into another, such as two or more substances combining to form compounds.

A

Chemical Change

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

__________ is the capacity to perform work.

A

Energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

__________ __________ represents the amount of kinetic energy that an object can release at some point in the future.

A

Potential energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

__________ __________ is the
energy possessed by a moving object

A

Kinetic energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Chemical reactions that release thermal energy or heat are ________ ________

A

exothermic reactions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Chemical reactions that absorb thermal energy or heat are
__________ __________

A

endothermic reactions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

__________ is the chemical decomposition of a solid material by heating.

A

Pyrolysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

___________ is a physical process that changes a liquid into a gaseous state

A

Vaporization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is piloted Ignition

A

Is the moment when a mixture of fuel and oxygen encounters an external heat (ignition) source with sufficient heat or thermal energy to start the combustion reaction.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is Auto ignition

A

Is the initiation of combustion by heat but without a spark or flame to ignite the fuel gases or vapor.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is auto ignition temperature

A

the lowest temperature at which a combustible material will ignite without an external source of ignition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the two types of energy

A

Potential and Kinetic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the Two forms of Ignition

A

Piloted and Auto ignition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

__________ is defined as a rapid oxidation process, which is a chemical reaction resulting in the evolution of light and heat in varying intensities.

A

Fire

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

__________ is defined as a chemical process of oxidation that occurs at a rate fast enough to produce heat and usually light in the form of either a glow or a flame.

A

Combustion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the Two modes of combustion

A

non-flaming and flaming

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

__________combustion occurs more slowly at lower temperature producing a smoldering
glow on the material’s surface.

A

Non-flaming

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

__________ combustion occurs when a gaseous fuel mixes with oxygen in the correct ratio and
is heated to ignition temperature.

A

Flaming

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are the elements of the fire triangle

A

heat fuel and oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are the elements of the fire tetrahedron

A

fuel, heat, oxygen, and self-sustaining chemical chain reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What are the 3 common sources of thermal energy

A

Chemical, Electrical, and Mechanical energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Electrical heating can occur in several ways what are they

A

● Resistance heating
● Overcurrent or overload
● Arcing
● Sparking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Heat energy can be transferred in 3 ways:

A

conduction, convection, radiation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
___________ __________ __________is the total amount of heat released per unit time and is measured in kilowatts (kW)
Heat Release Rate (HRR)
26
Wide ranges of factors influence radiant heat transfer, including:
● Nature of exposed surfaces
27
___________ is defined as the chemical decomposition of a solid material by heating.
Pyrolysis
28
A __________ wall of solid fuel has a more rapid fire flow than __________ solid fuels. This is because of the way in which heat is transferred to the surface of the fuel. A heated gas will ______ thus a __________ wall of fuel will receive more heat energy for a given surface area than a __________ wall.
Vertical Horizontal Rise Vertical Horizontal
29
__________ __________is the ratio of the mass of a given volume of a liquid compared with the mass of an equal volume of water at the same temperature.
Specific gravity
30
__________is the transformation of a liquid to vapor or gaseous state.
Vaporization
31
The pressure that vapors escaping from a liquid exert is known as
vapor pressure
32
_________is the minimum temperature at which a liquid gives off sufficient vapors to form an ignitable mixture with air near the liquid’s surface.
Flashpoint
33
__________is the temperature at which sufficient vapors are being generated to sustain the combustion reaction.
Fire point
34
__________describes the extent to which a substance (in this case a liquid) will mix with water.
Solubility
35
Materials that are __________ in water will mix any proportion.
miscible
36
Other liquids (called __________ __________) such as alcohols (i.e. methanol, ethanol) will mix readily with water.
polar solvents
37
__________ __________ _________can be defined as the lowest concentration of a combustible or flammable gas in air that will support combustion.
Lower Explosive Limit
38
__________ __________ ________is the highest concentration of a combustible or flammable gas in air that will support combustion.
Upper Explosive Limit (UEL)
39
The range of vapor mixture that will ignite when subjected to an ignition source is known as the __________ __________ or the __________ __________.
explosive range ignitable mixture
40
__________ __________ describes the density of gases in relation to air.
Vapor density
41
The entrained air also has two effects on the fire What are they
If the entrained air is hot, the fire can grow rapidly. If the air is cold it can cool and slow the fire.
42
When a fire becomes __________ controlled, the available air supply will determine the speed and extent of fire development and the direction of fire travel.
Ventilation
43
What are the 4 stages of fire development
● Incipient ● Growth ● Fully Developed ● Decay
44
__________ __________ is the tendency of gases to form into layers according to temperature.
Thermal layering
45
Factors That Affect Fire Development
● Fuel type ● Availability and location of additional fuels ● Compartment volume and ceiling height ● Ventilation / Oxygen Supply ● Thermal properties of the compartment ● Ambient conditions ● Fuel load
46
What is flashover
Flashover is a very rapid transition from local burning of the contents within a compartment to widespread burning of all exposed fuels within that compartment.
47
What are precursors for a potential flashover
➢ Free burning ➢ High temperatures ➢ Heavy dark smoke ➢ Rollover
48
What are the 4 variables of a flashover
➢ Compartment size ➢ Insulation qualities ➢ Ceiling height ➢ Ventilation
49
Backdraft indicators include:
● Building indicators ● Smoke indicators ● Air flow indicators ● Heat indicators ● Flame indicators
50
The heat transfer method that causes a circulation of a gas or liquid is called
convection.
51
The heat transfer method that travels at the speed of light is called
radiation.
52
Insulating materials slow this heat transfer method.
Insulating materials slow conduction.
53
The vacuum thermos flask operates by preventing this heat transfer method.
The vacuum thermos flask operates by preventing conduction.
54
The sun’s energy is one example of this heat transfer method.
The sun’s energy is one example of radiation.
55
If you sit in front of a fireplace to warm yourself, you will be warmed by this heat transfer method.
If you sit in front of a fireplace to warm yourself, you will be warmed by radiation.
56
Which definition of matter is correct? a Anything that has volume b Anything that occupies space and has Mass c Anything that occupies space d Anything that has weight and mass
Which definition of matter is correct? anything that occupies space and has mass
57
Mass, size and volume are all physical properties of matter. What do these three properties have in common?
The common property of mass, size, and volume are that they can all be measured.
58
What are the three observable physical states of matter?
Three observable states of matter are solid, liquid, and gas.
59
What is the term that refers to the ratio of the mass of a given volume of liquid compared with the mass of an equal volume of water?
Specific gravity is the term that refers to the ratio of the mass of a given volume of liquid compared with the mass of an equal volume to water.
60
What is the vapour density of the air around us?
The vapor density of the air around us is one.
61
True or False: Fire is an exothermic reaction.
True. Fire is an exothermic reaction.
62
True or False: Changing water to steam is an endothermic reaction.
True. Changing water to steam is an endothermic reaction.
63
Oxidation is an A: endothermic reaction. B: exothermic reaction.
Oxidation is an exothermic reaction.
64
Oxidation is the chemical process by which rust is created. During this process, what else is generated?
Heat is also created during the chemical process by which rust is created.
65
What four components are required for combustion?
The four components required for combustion are fuel, heat, self-sustaining chemical reaction, and an oxidizing agent (oxygen).
66
An oxidizing agent yields ___________ during a chemical reaction.
An oxidizing agent yields oxygen during a chemical reaction.
67
Firefighter Jane says oxidizing agents are not combustible. Firefighter Bob says they are. Who is correct?
Jane is correct, oxidizing agents are not combustible but they support combustion.
68
Another name for fuel in the chemical reaction is
Another name for fuel in the chemical reaction is reducing agent.
69
Which ignites easier: 1kg of wood shavings or a 1kg wood log? Why?
Wood shavings will ignite easier than a wood log because they have a higher surface to mass ratio.
70
FireFighter Bernie says a standing piece of wood burns faster than a horizontal piece of wood. FireFighter Jim says the position of the solid fuel does not make any difference to the rate at which it burns. Who is correct?
Bernie is correct because convection as well as conduction and radiation play a role in vertical fuel heat transfer.
71
Liquid fuel is converted into gas through a process known as
Liquid fuel is converted into gas through a process known as vaporization.
72
Vaporization is an
Vaporization is an endothermic reaction.
73
True or False: Fuel in a gaseous state is more likely to ignite than fuel in a solid or liquid state
True. Fuel in a gaseous state is more likely to ignite than fuel in a solid or liquid state.
74
True or False: Heat does not cause pyrolysis or vaporization.
False. Heat does cause pyrolysis or vaporization.
75
A pail of paint soaked rags was crammed into a cardboard box and left next to a resident furnace. The resultant fire was most likely the result of
The resultant fire was most likely a result of non-piloted ignition.
76
The highest plume temperatures will be found
The highest plume temperatures will be found in corners.
77
The hottest stage of a fire occurs at this phase:
The hottest stage of a fire occurs in this phase. Free Burning

EFRS Class 159 (25 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions