Chapter 24- metabolic pathways for lipids and amino acids

Question 1

Chylomicrons

Answer 1

Transport triacyglycerols through the lymphatic system and into the bloodstream to be carried to the heart, muscle, and adipose tissues

Question 2

Fatty acids

Answer 2

Preferred fuel of the heart

Question 3

Glucose and glycogen

Answer 3

Only source of energy for the brain and red blood cells

Question 4

Fat mobilization

Answer 4

Breaks down triacyglycerols in adipose tissue to fatty acids and glycerol

Question 5

Products of fat mobilization

Answer 5

( glycerol and fatty acids) diffuse into the bloodstream and bind with plasma proteins to be transported to the tissues

Most glycerol goes into the liver where it is converted to glucose

Question 6

Beta oxidation

Answer 6

Removes two carbons per cycle from a fatty acid

Remaining carbon chain gets the symbol (R)

Question 7

Where does the digestion of proteins begin?

Answer 7

In the stomach

Question 8

Protein turnover

Answer 8

Process of synthesizing proteins and breaking them down

Question 9

Where does the degradation of amino acids occur?

Answer 9

In the liver

Question 10

Urea cycle

Answer 10

Converts ammonium ions to urea

Question 11

How mouth urine does a typical adult produce per day?

Answer 11

25-30 g

Question 12

Glucogenic amino acid

Answer 12

Generates pyruvate or oxaloacetare, which can be converted to glucose by gluconeigenesis

Question 13

Ketogenic amino acid

Answer 13

Produces acetoacetyl or CoA which can enter the keto genesis pathway to form ketone bodies or the lipogenesis pathway to form fatty acids