Chapter 17- Lipids

Question 1

Biodiesel

Answer 1

A non petroleum fuel that can be used in place of diesel fuel; produced from renewable biological resources

Question 2

Cephalin

Answer 2

A glycerphospholipid found in brain and nerve tissues that incorporates the amino alcohol serine or ethanolamine

Question 3

Ceramide

Answer 3

A lipid in which spingosine is attached to a fatty acid by an Amide link

Question 4

Cerebroside

Answer 4

A glycolipid consisting of sphingosine, a fatty acid, and a monosaccharide ( usually galactose)

Question 5

Cholesterol

Answer 5

The most prevalent of the steroid compounds; needed for cellular membranes and the synthesis of vitamin d, hormones, and bile salts

Question 6

Fat

Answer 6

A triacyglycerol that is solid at room temperature and usually comes from animal sources

Question 7

Fatty acid

Answer 7

A long- chain carboxylic acid found in many lipids

Question 8

Fluid mosaic model

Answer 8

That concept that cell membranes are lipid belayer structures that contain an assortment of polar lipids and proteins in a dynamic, fluid arrangement

Question 9

Ganglioside

Answer 9

A glycolipid consisting of spinghosine, a fatty acid, and two or. Ore monosaccharides

Question 10

Glycerphospholipid

Answer 10

A polar lipid of glycerol attached to two fatty acids and a phosphate group connected to an amino alcohol such as choline, serine, or ethanolamine

Question 11

Glycosphingolipid

Answer 11

The phospholipid that combines spinghosine with a fatty acid bonded to the nitrogen group and one or more monosaccharides bonded by a glycosidic bond, which replaces the -OH group of spinghosine

Question 12

Hydrogenation

Answer 12

The addition of hydrogen to unsaturated fats

Question 13

Lecithins

Answer 13

Glycerophospholipids containing choline as the amino alcohol

Question 14

Lipid belayer

Answer 14

A model of a cell membrane in which glycerophospholipids are arranged in two rows

Question 15

Lipids

Answer 15

A family of compounds that is no polar in nature and not soluble in water; includes fats , waxes, glycerophospholipids, and wax steroids

Question 16

Lipoprotein

Answer 16

A combination of no polar lipids with glycerophospholipids and proteins to form a polar complex that can be transported through body fluids

Question 17

Monounsaturated fatty acid

Answer 17

A fatty acid with one double bond

Question 18

Oil

Answer 18

A triacyglycerol that is usually a liquid at room temperature and is obtained from a plant source

Question 19

Polyunsaturated fatty acid

Answer 19

A fatty avid that contains two or more double bonds

Question 20

Prostaglandins (PGs)

Answer 20

A number of compounds derived from arachnid omit acid that regulate several physiological processes

Question 21

Saturated fatty acids

Answer 21

Fatty acids that have no double bonds; they have higher melting points that unsaturated fatty acids and are usually solid at room temperature

Question 22

Spingholipids

Answer 22

Types of lipids in which glycerol is replaced by sphingosine

Question 23

Sphingomyelins

Answer 23

Sphingolipids that consist of Ceramide attached to a phosphate ester of choline, an amino alcohol

Question 24

Steroids

Answer 24

Types of lipids composed of a multicyclic ring system

Question 25

Triacyglycerols

Answer 25

A family of lipids composed of three fatty acids bonded through ester bonds to glycerol, a trihydroxy alcohol

Question 26

Wax

Answer 26

The ester of a long-chain alcohol and a long-chain saturated fatty acid