Chapter 16- Carboxylic Acids And Esters

Question 1

Carboxyl group

Answer 1

A functional group found in carboxylic acids composed of carbonyl and hydroxyl groups

Question 2

Carboxylate ion

Answer 2

The anion produced when a carboxylic acid donates a proton to water

Question 3

Carboxylic acid

Answer 3

An organic compound containing the carboxyl group

Question 4

Carboxylate acid salt

Answer 4

The product of neutralization of a carboxylic acid; a carboxylate ion and a metal ion from the base

Question 5

Ester

Answer 5

An organic compound in which an alkyl group replaces the hydrogen atom in a carboxylic acid

Question 6

Esterifiction

Answer 6

The formation of an ester from a carboxylic acid and an alcohol with the elimination of a water molecule in the presence of an avid catalyst

Question 7

Hydrolysis

Answer 7

The splitting of a molecule by the addition of water. Esters hydrolyze to produce a carboxylic acid and an alcohol

Question 8

Saponification

Answer 8

The hydrolysis of an ester with a string base to produce a salt of the carboxylic acid and an alcohol

Question 9

Naming carboxylic acids

Answer 9

1- identify the carbon chain containing the carboxyl group and replace the e of the alkane name with IOC acid
2- give the location and names of substituents on the main chain

Question 10

Alpha hydroxy acids

Answer 10

Naturally occurring carboxylic acids found in fruits, milk, and sugar cane

Removes acne scars and reduces age spots

Question 11

Boiling points of carboxylic acids

Answer 11

Higher boiling points than alcohols, ketones, and aldehydes

Question 12

Solubility of carboxylic acids

Answer 12

1-4 carbons? Very soluble

5 or more? Not very soluble

Question 13

Salicylic acids and pain relievers

Answer 13

Relieves pain

Salicylic acid + acetic acid = aspirin

Question 14

Plastics

Answer 14

Terepthalic acid- produces polyesters and plastics