chapter 22 fungi

Question 1

fungi

Answer 1

a eukaryotic organism that is mostly multi-cellular, includes over 100,000 species and has a saptrophic mode of nutrition.

Question 2

three main stages in fungi reproduction in order

Answer 2

1. haploid hyphae
2. dikaryotic stage
3. diploid sygote

Question 3

characteristics of lichens

Answer 3

reproduction by fragmentation, has a fungal partner, and has a photosynthetic partner

Question 4

smut

Answer 4

a corn infection, the mycelium of the fungus secretes chemicals that cause a tumor to develop on the corn plant

Question 5

compact

Answer 5

crustose lichen

Question 6

shrublike

Answer 6

fruticose lichens

Question 7

leaflike

Answer 7

foliose lichens

Question 8

zygomycota

Answer 8

fungi that reproduces asexually by forming windblown spores on stalked sporangia, and reproduces sexually via thick walled zygosporangia

Question 9

basidium

Answer 9

during sexual reproduction in club fungi, spores develop this club-structured

Question 10

mycorrhizae

Answer 10

are produced when a mutualistic relationship between fungal hyphae and roots of vascular plants happen

Question 11

microsporidia

Answer 11

single celled, can infect fish, intracellular parasite, can infect humans, do not have mitochondria

Question 12

the AM fungi

Answer 12

named for the branching invaginations that they produce when forming mycorrhizae with plant roots

Question 13

chitin

Answer 13

a polymer of glucose that contains nitrogen and is found in the cell walls of fungi

Question 14

what are some fungi that that are aclassified in the

Answer 14

basidiomycota, club fungi

Question 15

ascomycota charcteritics

Answer 15

can be a yeast, mold, reproduce asexually and sexually,

Question 16

spores

Answer 16

during both sexual and asexual reproduction fungi rely on these windblown ___ for dispersal of offspring

Question 17

fruiting body

Answer 17

a spore producing and disseminating structure found in some sac and club fungi

Question 18

mature mushroom in life cycle is

Answer 18

dikaryotic

Question 19

zygote in basidium in life cycle is

Answer 19

diploid

Question 20

basidiospores

Answer 20

haploid

Question 21

fungi are more similar to what in terms of nutiriction

Answer 21

animals because they are both heterotrpohs

Question 22

ascomycota

Answer 22

a group of fungi that produces spores in finger-like sacs called asci within a fruiting body; and includes morels, truffles, yeasts, and molds.

Question 23

hyphae

Answer 23

is a single filament of a vegetative body of a fungus

Question 24

what are some fungus that are classified as basidiomycota

Answer 24

rusts and smuts, stinkhorn, and puffballs

Question 25

aspergillus

Answer 25

a mold and a safe model organism for genetic studies

also used to make soy sauce and miso

Question 26

saccharomyces

Answer 26

a single-celled yeast tat serves as a a good model organism to study eukaryotic cells
also used for baking and brewing

Question 27

penicililum

Answer 27

a mold used to develop anitbiotics

also used to make brie, stilton, and blue cheese

Question 28

neurospora

Answer 28

the organism used to develop the “one gene one enzyme” hypothesis.

Question 29

chytrids

Answer 29

the aquatic, primitive fungi with flagellated spores that may represent the most ancestral fungal lineage

Question 30

budding

Answer 30

the asexual fungal reproductive mechanism shown by single celled yeast that involves a cell forming and then getting pinched off the parent cell

Question 31

examples of parasitic symbiosis with sac fungi

Answer 31

fungi and dutch elm trees

geomyces and bats

Question 32

animals are more closely related to

Answer 32

fungi

Question 33

characteristics of chytrids

Answer 33

mostly single celled, aquatic, and gametes have flagella

Question 34

opisthokonta

Answer 34

the super group where fungi and animals are located

Question 35

microsporidia

Answer 35

a fungal group where single cells are obligate parasites to insects and vertabrates

Question 36

septate

Answer 36

fungi in which hyphae are divided into distinct cells by cell walls

Question 37

examples of single-celled fungi

Answer 37

microsporidia

chytridiomycota