Chapter 21: Habit Reversal Procedures

Question 1

Habit Reversal

Answer 1

Used to decrease the frequency of undesirable habit behaviors
_ Azrin & Nunn

Question 2

Habit behaviors

Answer 2

Something that a person engages in that does not necessarily affect their day to day living but is more of an annoyance
ex: nail biting, motor tics and stuttering

Question 3

Nervous Habits

Answer 3

Repetitive, manipulative behaviors that are believed to be most likely to occur when the person experiences heightened nervous tensions
ex: nail biting, twirling hair, chewing the end of a pencil, popping knuckles, taping end of a pencil

Question 4

Body-focused repetitive behavior problems

Answer 4

refer to nervous habits that result in physical damage or negative social evaluations

Question 5

Motor Tic

Answer 5

• (textbook) Head-jerking or facial grimaces that are repetitive involving the muscles
• associated with heightened muscle tension

Question 6

Facial Tic

Answer 6

includes squinting, forceful blinking, eyebrow-raising, grimacing or some combination
- associated with heightened muscle tension

Question 7

Vocal Tic

Answer 7

A repetitive vocal sound that does not serve a social function
ex: when a person constantly clears their throat throughout the day

Question 8

Tourette’s disorder

Answer 8

A tic disorder involving multiple motor and vocal tics cause by a complex interaction of genetic and neurobiological factors as well as environmental factors

• lifelong disorder
• onset in childhood

Question 9

When is Habit Reversal Procedure Implemented?

Answer 9

Implemented in a therapy session with the client who exhibits the habit disorder. The client then implements the procedures learned in the session to control the habit as it occurs outside the session

Question 10

Awareness training

Answer 10

After a client learns to define the habit, they then identify when the habit occurs or when it is about to occur

Question 11

Competing response

Answer 11

A behavior incompatible with the habit behavior and practices the competing response in session after each occurrence of the next habit

Question 12

Competing Response Training

Answer 12

When they are allowed to use the competing response in situations outside the session to inhibit the habit from occurring

Question 13

Motivation Strategy

Answer 13

Increases the likelihood that the client will use the competing response outside the treatment session to control the habit

Question 14

What two basic skills does a client learn in the habit reversal therapy session?

Answer 14

1. To discriminate each occurrence of the habit (awareness training)
2. To use the competing response contingent on the occurrence of the habit or in anticipation of the occurrence of the habit (competing response training)

Question 15

What are the competing behaviors for stuttering?

Answer 15

• Regulated breathing

- Diaphragmatic breathing

Question 16

What functions do the use of competing response serve?

Answer 16

1. To inhibit the habit behavior and provide an alternative behavior to replace it
2. The competing response may serve as a punisher, as in the application of aversive activities such as overcorrection and contingent exercise

Question 17

Does habit reversal always work?

Answer 17

• NO.
• It does not work in adults with intellectual disabilities who participate in nail-biting, hair pulling or thumb-sucking
• Hair-pulling - awareness enhancement device
• nail-biting, thumb-sucking, hair-pulling - DRO, response interruption and brief restraint

Question 18

Awareness Enhancement Device

Answer 18

Used for adults and intellectually disabled by providing an alarm when a person engages in trying to pull their hair and turns off when they move their hand away from their neck

Question 19

Bruxism

Answer 19

Grinding teeth together out of nervous habit

Question 20

Controlling behavior

Answer 20

The antecedents and consequences of a target behavior and/or alternative behaviors are modified

Question 21

Controlled behavior

Answer 21

The target behavior that is influenced