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Behavioral Principles of Psychology > Chapter 1 - Behavior Modification > Flashcards

Chapter 1 - Behavior Modification Flashcards

1
Q

What is another name for behavior modification?

A

Applied behavior analysis

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2
Q

Characteristics of behavior

A
  1. actions not labels
  2. Involves physical dimensions
  3. Can be observed, described and recorded
  4. Has an impact on the environment (physical or social surroundings)
  5. Behavior is lawful (observed, predicted, identified and changed)
  6. May be overt or covert
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3
Q

Behavior

A

What people say and do

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4
Q

Frequency

A

Counting the number of times a behavior occurs

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5
Q

Duration

A

Time from when an instance of the behavior starts until it stops

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6
Q

Intensity

A

The physical force involved in the behavior

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7
Q

Latency

A

Speed of behavior from some event to the start of a behavior

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8
Q

Dimensions of Behavior

A
  • Frequency
  • Duration
  • Intensity
  • Latency
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9
Q

Overt

A

External, can be seen, hear or observed.

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10
Q

Covert

A

Internal to individual, cannot be observed

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11
Q

4 principles of behavior

A
  • Extinction
  • Stimulus Control
  • Reinforcement
  • Punishment
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12
Q

Functional relationship between environment and behavior

A
  • environment influences behavior
  • behavior influences environment
  • behavior has an impact on environment physically and socially
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13
Q

Behaviors can be…

A

observed, described and recorded by others or by the person engaging in the behavior

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14
Q

What does it mean by behavior is lawful

A

its occurrence is systematically influenced by environmental events

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15
Q

Basic behavioral principles

A

describe the functional relationships between our behavior and environmental events. These principles describe how our behavior is influenced by, or occurs as a function of, environmental events.

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16
Q

Analyzing

A

Identifying the functional relationship between environmental events and a particular behavior to understand the reasons for the behavior or to determine why a person behaved as he or she did

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17
Q

Modifying

A

Developing and implementing procedures to help people change their behavior

18
Q

Focus on behavior

A

designed to change behavior, not a personal characteristic or trait

19
Q

Target behavior

A

the behavior to be modified

20
Q

Behavioral excess

A

an undesirable target behavior the person wants to decrease in frequency, duration and intensity

21
Q

Behavioral deficit

A

a desirable target behavior the person wants to increase in frequency, duration and intensity

22
Q

Applied Behavior Analysis

A

the scientific study of human behavior to help people change behavior in a meaningful way

23
Q

Human behavior

A

Controlled by events in the immediate environment, and the goal of behavior modification is to identify those events

24
Q

Ivan P. Pavlov

A

Conducted experiments that uncovered the basic processes of respondent conditioning

25
Q

Edward L. Thorndike

A

States that a behavior that produces a favorable effect on the environment is more likely to be repeated in the future

26
Q

John B. Watson

A

Asserted that observable behavior was the proper subject matter of psychology and that all behavior was controlled by environmental events

27
Q

B. F. Skinner

A
  • Expanded the field of behaviorism originally described by Watson. The distinction between respondent conditioning and operant conditioning, in which the consequence of behavior controls the future occurrence of the behavior
  • wrote books about applying the principles of behavior analysis to human behavior
28
Q

Rehabilitation

A

the process of helping people regain normal function after an injury or trauma, such as head injury from an accident or brain damage from a stroke

29
Q

Community Psychology

A

Behavioral interventions are designed to influence the behavior of large numbers of people in ways that benefit everybody

30
Q

Clinical Psychology

A

Psychological principles and procedures are applied to help people with personal problems

31
Q

Self-Management

A

Procedures to control personal habits, health-related behaviors, professional behaviors and personal problems

32
Q

Child Behavior Management

A

help children overcome bed-wetting, nail-bitting, temper tantrums, noncompliance, aggressive behaviors, bad manners, stuttering and other common problems

33
Q

Prevention

A

preventing child abuse, abduction, accidents in the home, poisoning, infections and STD’s

34
Q

Behavior modification is used to

A
  • result in better athletic performance than do traditional coaching procedures
  • improve work performance and job safety to decrease tardiness, absenteeism, and accidents on the job
  • promote compliance with rehabilitation routines and teach new skills
  • manage behaviors of oneself
  • promote health-related behaviors by increasing healthy lifestyle behaviors and decrease unhealthy lifestyle behaviors
  • decrease occurrence of undesirable behaviors and increase the occurrence of desirable behaviors that are not occurring frequently enough
35
Q

Behavior Analyst Certification Board

A

established to provide certification for individuals to practice behavior analysis as a profession

36
Q

A -> B -> C->

A

Antecedent leads to behavior leads to consequence

37
Q

Common misconception of behavior modification

A
  • relies on punishment
  • uses bribes
  • simplistic
  • ignores the “real causes” of behavior
  • just treats the symptoms
  • leads to people controlling each other
  • ruins “intrinsic motivation”
  • makes people dependent on external incentives
  • dehumanizes people
  • only works with kids and disabled people
38
Q

Participant

A

present in room of study

39
Q

Non-participant

A

someone who observes by live recording or makes an observation through video/audio recordings

40
Q

Natural Setting

A

part of the participants daily life

41
Q

Analogue

A

Created for the participant to be observed in (its not part of their daily routine/life)

Behavioral Principles of Psychology (19 decks)

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