Chapter 2.1 - Atoms, Molecules, Ions, and Bonds Flashcards
What are the parts of an atom?
- Nucleus containing positive protons and neutral neutrons
- Electrons arranged outside
What are molecules?
Group of atoms held by chemical bonds
Why do chemical bonds between atoms form?
Due to interactions of electrons
What is electronegativity?
Ability of an atom to attract electrons
What determines the type of bond between atoms/molecules?
Electronegativity
3 types of bonds
- Ionic
- Covalent
- Hydrogen
What is an ionic bond?
Bond formed when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another.
Sodium and chlorine form a(n) ______ bond
ionic
What is a covalent bond?
Bond formed when electrons are shared between atoms
Difference between ionic bond and covalent bond?
Ionic - electrons are lost gained
Covalent - electrons are shared
What is a nonpolar covalent bond?
Covalent bond where electrons are shared equally and the electronegativities are identical
O2 has a ________ bond
Non polar Covalent
What is a polar covalent bond?
Covalent bond where electrons are shared unequally and the electronegativities are different
In a polar covalent bond, the area with a weaker pull on electrons is the _____ pole
positive
H20 has a _______ bond
Polar Covalent
