Chapter 21

Question 1

Bull Run

Answer 1

Won by the Confederacy, this was first major engagement of the war. It is also where General “Stonewall” Jackson made a name for himself.

Question 2

Peninsula Campaign

Answer 2

A campaign where General George McClellan moved very slowly with a very large army towards Richmond Virginia, he was eventually defeated by General Robert E. Lee and fired as commander by Abraham Lincoln.

Question 3

Merrimack v. Monitor

Answer 3

The two ironclad ships in the Civil War. The Merrimack was a Confederate ship and the Monitor was a Northern ship. In the end they fought an indecisive battle and neither ship proved an effective instrument of war.

Question 4

Antietam

Answer 4

Battle won by the Union. It marks the single bloodiest day of combat in U.S. history, casualties eclipsed 50,000 men. This battle was the victory Lincoln used to propel the Emancipation Proclamation forward to his cabinet.

Question 5

Emancipation Proclamation

Answer 5

While this proclamation that freed all slaves in the rebellious states actually freed nobody at the time it was issued, it did change the war from one of Union to one of morality.

Question 6

13th Amendment

Answer 6

This set free all people held in bondage in the United States. The legal end to slavery that Lincoln sought.

Question 7

About how many African-Americans fought for the Union during the Civil war?

Answer 7

180,000

Question 8

Fredericksburg

Answer 8

A battle won by the Confederacy. Here General Ambrose Burnside’s tactics, or lack there of, sent more than 10,000 Union soldiers to the grave and gave General Lee yet another impressive victory over the Army of the Potomac.

Question 9

Gettysburg

Answer 9

A three day battle won by the Union. This battle marked the high water point of the Confederacy. They would never again penetrate that far into the North, nor would they be able to recoup the losses they took.

Question 10

Gettysburg Address

Answer 10

A speech that has been received better by historians than it was by people at the time. It is a grandly unifying speech.

Question 11

Shiloh

Answer 11

A gory two day battle won by the Union. This battle in 1862 showed the people of the United States that this war would be long and costly.

Question 12

VIcksburg

Answer 12

A fort captured by the Union under Ulysses S. Grant. With the capture of this fort the Union took control of the Mississippi River.

Question 13

Sherman’s March (The March to the Sea)

Answer 13

A march through Georgia where the goal was to destroy as much as possible. This had the duel effect of weakening Southern soldiers morale and destroying supplies meant for the army.

Question 14

Copperheads

Answer 14

Anti-war Democrats who openly obstructed the war effort through attacks against the draft, against Lincoln, and after 1863, against Emancipation.

Question 15

Election of 1864

Answer 15

Lincoln v. McClellan. Lincoln wins because the Democrats are once again divided.

Question 16

Wilderness Campaign

Answer 16

The final push towards Richmond, during this campaign the Union lost around 50,000 men. U.S. Grant, now overall commander of Union forces, earned a reputation as a butcher.

Question 17

Appomattox Courthouse

Answer 17

A town in Virginia where General Robert E. Lee surrendered his forces to General Ulysses S. Grant. By surrendering Lee essentially ended the war.

Question 18

Lincoln’s Assassination

Answer 18

Lincoln was murdered on April 14, 1865 by John Wilkes Booth at Ford’s Theater in Washington D.C.