Chapter 10 Flashcards
Who was the first President of the United States?
George Washington
Bill of Rights
The first 10 amendments to the Constitution of the United States. Many states called for the creation of a Bill of Rights before agreeing to ratify the Constitution.
Judiciary Act of 1789
The act organized the Supreme Court with a chief justice and 5 subordinates, along with federal district and circuit courts. John Jay was named the first chief justice of the Supreme Court.
Bank of the United States
Created by congress in 1791, it was originally chartered for 20 years and it controlled 10 million dollars, 1/5 of it owned by the federal government.
Whiskey Rebellion
Flaring up to challenge Alexander Hamilton’s excise tax on whiskey, this rebellion showed the strength of Washington’s government and showed that the federal government would use force to subdue insurrections.
What were the first two political parties in the United States?
Federalists and Anti-Federalists. Later the Anti-federalists would become the Democratic Republicans led by Thomas Jefferson.
Neutrality Proclamation of 1793
George Washington’s proclamation that made the United States maintain neutrality during the World War that broke out around the French Revolution.
How are the Battle of Fallen Timbers and the Treaty of Greenville connected?
The Americans under General “Mad” Anthony Wayne won a victory over the Miami Indians under Little Turtle. In the peace that followed the Treaty of Greenville was signed, giving Ohio and parts of Indiana to the Americans.
Jay’s Treaty
An unpopular treaty struck with the British in which they promised to abandon western forts (something they did not do) in exchange for the payment of Pre-Revolutionary War debts.
Pinckney’s Treaty
Granted the American’s freedom of navigation of they Mississippi River. This treaty was extremely popular with the American people.
Washington’s Farewell Address
In his farewell address Washington warned the United States to remain neutral, avoid foreign alliances, and to steer clear of partisan politics. He rightly predicted that the rise of political parties would hurt the country.
The XYZ Affair
A situation where the French refused to speak with an American envoy before a bribe was paid. The go-betweens were later referred too as X, Y, and Z. This inflamed the American citizenry against the French.
The Alien and Sedition Acts
The Alien Laws pushed the necessary time an immigrant had to spend in the USA to 14 years from 5. This helped the Federalists by denying Democratic-Republicans new voters. The Sedition law outlawed public criticisms of the President. Ironically this law was set to expire after the next election.
The Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions
Written by Thomas Jefferson (Kentucky) and James Madison (Virginia) these documents were beacons of State’s Rights propaganda. Unfortunately they also introduced the idea of Nullification. Nullification stated that States had the right to overrule federal law in cases where it was in their own best interests.
Who was elected the 3rd President of the United States?
Thomas Jefferson
