Chapter 20

Question 1

Fort Sumter

Answer 1

The place where the first shots of the Civil War were fired by Confederate Army.

Question 2

Border States

Answer 2

Missouri, Kentucky, Maryland, Delaware and later West Virginia. They were slave holding states that did not secede from the Union.

Question 3

What did Lincoln proclaim he was fighting for early on in the war?

Answer 3

The preservation of the Union.

Question 4

What were the advantages of the Union Army in the Civil War?

Answer 4

Manpower, supplies, more railroads, industrial support, better organization, a well connected telegraph system.

Question 5

What were the advantages of the Confederate Army in the Civil War?

Answer 5

Better leadership from Generals. Men who were better equipped to be soldiers. (i.e. they could already shoot, they had lived off the land before. They fought the majority of the war in the South, on land they knew well.

Question 6

King Cotton

Answer 6

The primary staple crop of the South, and a tool they hoped to use to encourage support for their effort from European countries.

Question 7

Trent Affair

Answer 7

Occurred when a Union ship stopped the British steamer Trent and took two Confederate diplomats prisoner. Britain was furious and threatened war. Abraham Lincoln had the prisoners released and a crisis was avoided.

Question 8

C.S.S. Alabama

Answer 8

The most successful of the Confederate commerce raiders. The Alabama terrorized Union shipping until it was sunk in 1864.

Question 9

Writ of Habeas Corpus

Answer 9

This is the right to know why you have been arrested and what crime you have been charged with. During the Civil War Abraham Lincoln suspended this right for Americans and many people who had opinions favorable to the Confederacy were arrested and held without trial.

Question 10

Civil War Draft

Answer 10

The least popular draft in U.S. history. Men could avoid having to serve by paying a 300 dollar fee. This draft led in extreme cases to the men carrying the draft notices being attacked and even murdered. It also notably sparked the New York Draft Riot in 1863.

Question 11

Greenbacks

Answer 11

Paper money issued by the Union during the war. This money’s value fluctuated greatly with events of the war.

Question 12

Homestead Act

Answer 12

This act gave 160 of acres to any head of household who would improve upon this land in some way and could pay the 10 dollar fee for paperwork.

Question 13

Clara Barton

Answer 13

She was a nurse during the Civil War. The suffering she saw there eventually inspired her to found the Red Cross.