Chapter 2 Part 1

Question 0

Matter is made out of _______

Answer 0

Elements

Question 1

Weight

Answer 1

Mass

Question 2

Elements are made out of _______

Answer 2

Atoms

Question 3

Is anything that takes up space and has mass

Answer 3

Matter

Question 4

Example of matter

Answer 4

Human Body and a table

Question 5

Makes up matter,a pure form of a substance

Answer 5

Elements

Question 6

The smallest unit of matter that retains the identify of the substance. It can also have the chemical properties of elements. First proposed by Democratus

Answer 6

Atoms

Question 7

Sub-atomic particle with a positive charge. It’s in the nucleus. Equals atomic number

Answer 7

Protons

Question 8

Sub-atomic particle with a negative charge. Has no mass. Found in the “cloud” around nucleus. Distributed into electron shells based on levels of energy. Attracted to the nucleus. # electrons=positive charge

Answer 8

Electron

Question 9

Sub-atomic particle with no charge. Number of protons plus _____ equal the atomic mass

Answer 9

Neutrons

Question 10

Greek word for atom. Means “unable to cut”

Answer 10

Atomos

Question 11

It’s a force that holds molecules together. The sharing or transferring of electrons. It’s how atoms come together

Answer 11

Chemical bonding

Question 12

When two different atoms combine together

Answer 12

Compound

Question 13

The smallest particle of a compound

Answer 13

Molecule

Question 14

The electrons found in the outermost energy level

Answer 14

Valence electron

Question 15

To make atoms stable

Answer 15

1-4 atoms: lose the electrons

4-7 atoms: gains the electrons

Question 16

Atoms of the same element that differ only in the number of neutrons they contain. Used for medical treatment

Answer 16

Isotopes

Question 17

a picture/drawing of valence electrons

Answer 17

Lewis Dot Diagram

Question 18

An equal sharing of electrons. Fats and oils don’t dissolve in h2o

Answer 18

Non-Polar Covalent Bond

Question 19

An unequal sharing of electrons. Sugar and ions dissolve and make h2o

Answer 19

Polar Covalent Bonds

Question 20

Are the sharing of electron. Takes place between two non metals

Answer 20

Covalent Bond

Question 21

Transfer electron from one element to another. Takes place between a metal and a non metal

Answer 21

Iconic Bond

Question 22

Positively and negatively charged atoms

Answer 22

Ions

Question 23

An ion that has a positive charge

Answer 23

Cation

Question 24

An ion that has a negative charge

Answer 24

Anion

Question 25

How do you get the number of neutrons?

Answer 25

Atomic Mass-Atomic Number=Number of Neutrons

Question 26

A process that changes some chemical substance into others. Needed to form a compound and separate the substance in a compound

Answer 26

Chemical Reaction

Question 27

Thought that the smallest fragment was an atom

Answer 27

Democritus

Question 28

The center of an atom that contains the mass of an atom

Answer 28

Nucleus

Question 29

Region that surrounds the nucleus that contains most of the space in the atom

Answer 29

Electron Cloud

Question 30

The nucleus contains 2 of the 3 subatomic particles

Answer 30

Protons and Neutrons

Question 31

Live compacted in the tiny positively charged nucleus accounting for most of the mass of the atom

Answer 31

Protons and Neutrons

Question 32

This number indicates the number of protons in atom

Answer 32

Atomic Number

Question 33

The number of protons and and neutrons in the nucleus

Answer 33

Mass Number

Question 34

How are the particles arranged?

Answer 34

``` Circle: protons and neutrons 1st Circle: holds up 2 e- 2nd Circle: holds up 8 e- 3rd Circle: holds up 18 e- 4th Circle: holds up 32 e- ```

Question 35

Are small and have a relatively small mass but occupy a large volume of space outside the nucleus

Answer 35

Negatively Charged Electrons

Question 36

Water is a _________ and has a high _______

Answer 36

Polar molecule and has a high heat capacity

Question 37

A weak bond between two molecules resulting from an electrostatic attraction between a proton in one molecule and electronegative atom in the other

Answer 37

Hydrogen Bond

Question 38

Nondissolved material

Answer 38

Suspension

Question 39

One or two parts of a solution. Does the dissolving

Answer 39

Solvent

Question 40

What's being dissolved

Answer 40

Solute

Question 41

When water molecules stick together

Answer 41

Cohesion

Question 42

When water molecules don't stick together

Answer 42

Adhesion

Question 43

Concentration of hydronium ions in a solution. | Ranges from 1-14. 1 being the strongest acid and 14 being the strongest base. 7 is the point of neutrality

Answer 43

PH scale

Question 44

Any compound that forms H+ ions in solution A solution with ph lower then 7 The more acidic the solution is, the lower the ph value is Sour Stronger ____can be harmful to organism and also damage materials

Answer 44

Acid

Question 45

``` A compound that produces hydroxide A solution with a ph higher then 7 Can harm organisms and damage materials Bitter Slimy ```

Answer 45

Base

Question 46

are weak acids or bases that can react with strong acids or bases , to prevent sharp, sudden changes

Answer 46

Buffers

Question 47

When nonionic compound is converted to ions

Answer 47

Ionization

Question 48

Matter is neither created or destroyed in chemical rxns. # of atoms of reactants=# atoms of product

Answer 48

Law of conversion of matter

Question 49

The energy needed to get a chemical reaction started

Answer 49

Activation Energy

Question 50

Breakdown of water

Answer 50

Hydrolysis rxn

Question 51

Stands for the "log off"

Answer 51

P

Question 52

Stands for H+ ion concentration

Answer 52

H

Question 53

Smallest unit

Answer 53

Monomers

Question 54

Monomers join together and form _____. Means many parts

Answer 54

Polymers

Question 55

Used physical laws and measurement to understand chemicals-father of modern chemistry

Answer 55

Lavoisier

Question 56

Form new molecules for growth and maintenance and May store release or use energy to do work

Answer 56

Rxns