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BCBA Final > Chapter #2 Cooper > Flashcards

Chapter #2 Cooper Flashcards

1
Q

Behavior is everything people ________including how they move and what they say think and feel.

A

Do

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2
Q

Johnson and Pennypacker discuss the definition of_________ is the portion of an organisms interaction with its environment that involves movement of some part of the organism

A

Behavior

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3
Q

Johnson and Pennypacker discuss the phrase of an organism, restricts the subject matter to the activity of ________organisms for the purpose of science

A

Living

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4
Q

Johnson and Pennypacker discuss an organisms interaction with its environment, avoids implying that the behavior is a possession of the organism and highlights that __________requirements for condition

A

Interaction

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5
Q

In the phrase movement of some part of the organism identified behavior as movement regardless of scale to be observed a response must affect the ____________must have an affect upon the observer or upon the instrument which intern can affect the observer.

A

Environment

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6
Q

The word behavior is usually used to reference to a class of responses sharing certain _________for example, eating behavior, gree behavior, writing behavior

A

Functions

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7
Q

The word behavior is usually used to reference to a class of responses sharing certain _________for example, eating behavior, gree behavior, writing behavior

A

Functions

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8
Q

A response is an action of an organisms _________and if factor is an organ at the end of the different nerve fibers that is specialized for alternative environment, mechanically chemically or in terms of other energy change.

A

Effector

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9
Q

A response is a single______.

A

Instance of behavior

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10
Q

Response topography refers to the physical shape or ______of.

A

Form

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11
Q

Although describing behavior by its typography is sometimes useful behavior, analyst is characterized by a ___________analysis of the effects of behavior of the environment.

A

Functional

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12
Q

A response class is a group of responses with the same ___________that is each response in the group produces the same effect on the environment

A

Function

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13
Q

Repertoire is sometimes used to refer to all of the behaviors. A person can ___ more often the term denotes a persons collection of knowledge and skills relevant to particular setting or task. For example, everyone has a repertoire for social situations.

A

Do

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14
Q

Environment refers to the full set of physical circumstances in which the organism ____.

A

Exists

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15
Q

Humans have _________ cells that detect stimulus changes occurring outside and inside the body.

A

Receptor

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16
Q

Exteroceptors our sense organs that detect ______stimuli and enable vision, hearing taste and touch. there are two types.

A

External

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17
Q

Interceptors which are sensitive to stimuli originating in the viscera, feeling a stomach ache.

A
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18
Q

Proprioceptors which enable the kinesthetic and vestibular sense of movement and balance.

A
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19
Q

Stimulus class refers to any group of stimuli sharing a predetermined set of common elements in one or more of these dimensions(temporal or functional)

A

stimuli

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20
Q

Formal dimensions of stimuli behavior, analyst often describe measure and manipulate stimuli, according to their ________dimensions, such as size, color, intensity, weight, and spatial position relative to other objects.

A

Formal

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21
Q

Formal dimensions of stimuli can be ________ for example a red light or high-pitched sound or socially mediated. Do you want some peanuts?

A

Non-social

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22
Q

Temporal loci of stimuli because behavior and the environmental conditions that influence it occur within a cross time the temple location of stimulus changes is important in particular behavior is affected most by stimulus changes that occur prior and soon after the behavior

A
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23
Q

A ___________is a stimulus change that follows a behavior of interest.

A

Consequence

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24
Q

The term antecedent refers to environmental conditions or ______changes that exist or occur prior to the behavior of interest.

A

Stimulus

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25
Q

Like antecedent stimulus events consequences may also be non-social events or socially mediated in a socially mediated contingency. Another person presents an antecedent stimulus and or the consequence of the behavior.. you know I’m doing this thing at the end

A
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26
Q

Stimulus changes can have one or both of two kinds of basic functions or effects on behavior and a ________ temporary effect of increasing or decreasing the frequency of the behavior a delayed, but relatively permanent effect in terms of the frequency of that type of behavior in the future.

A

Delayed

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27
Q

Respondent behavior is behavior that is elicited by antecedent stimuli respondent behavior is induced or brought out by stimulus that __________the behavior. Nothing else is required for their response to occur.

A

Proceeds

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28
Q

Habituation a epic listing a stimulus presented repeatedly over a short span of ______ the strength of magnitude of the response will diminish, and then some cases the response may not occur at all.

A

Time

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29
Q

Respondent conditioning is the same as Pavlovian conditioning and classical conditioning. True or false.

A

True

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30
Q

In Pavlov study, the Metrodome became a ___________stimulus and a condition reflex was established.

A

Conditioned

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31
Q

In Pavlov study, the Metrodome became a ___________stimulus and a condition reflex was established.

A

Conditioned

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32
Q

Pavlov also discovered that once a conditioned reflex was established, it would weaken and eventually cease altogether, if the condition stimulus was presented repeatedly in the absence of the unconditioned stimulus.

A
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33
Q

Respondent extinction is the procedure of repeatedly presenting a ______________without the unconditioned stimulus until the condition stimulus no longer illicit the conditioned response.

A

Conditions stimulus

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34
Q

conditioned reflexes can also be established by stimulus stimulus pairing of a neutral stimulus with a condition stimulus. This form of respondent conditioning is called ________order or ______ conditioning.

A

Higher, secondary conditioning

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35
Q

operate behavior is any behavior determined primarily by its history of ________.

A

Consequence

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36
Q

respondent behavior behavior, elicited by antecedent, stimuli, true or faulse

A

True

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37
Q

Operant behavior behavior selected by its consequences true or false

A

True

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38
Q

Examples of operant behavior include talking, walking, playing piano, riding a bike, counting change, baking a pie hitting a curveball

A
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39
Q

examples of respondent behavior, newborn, grasping and sucking to touch pupil const construction to bright light, cough, gag to irritation and throat salvation of smell of food, withdrawing hand for painful stimulation

A
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40
Q

Responded behavior, primary smooth muscles and glands, sometimes skeletal muscles

A
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41
Q

operate behavior is any behavior determined primarily by its history of _________

A

Consequence

42
Q

The form and function of respondent behavior are constant, true or false

A

True

43
Q

Operate and behavior is behavior selected by its consequence true or false

A

True

44
Q

respondent behavior is behavior listed by antecedent, stimuli, true or false

A
45
Q

Selectionism anchors a new paradigm in life science a basic tenant of this position is it all forms of life from a single cell to a complex culture evolved as a result of ___________respect to function.

A

Selection

46
Q

Selection by ____________operates during the lifetime of the individual organism ontogeny

A

Consequence

47
Q

Selection by ____________operates during the lifetime of the individual organism ontogeny

A

Consequence

48
Q

Phylogeny ___________ selection in the evolutionary history of a species

A

Natural

49
Q

operant conditioning refers to the process and selective effects of ___________ on behavior

A

consequence

50
Q

operant conditioning refers to the process and selective effects of ___________ on behavior

A

consequence

51
Q

when operant conditioning consist of an increase in response, rate reinforcement has taken place and the consequence responsible in the case the movement and sound of the mobile is called a _______________

A

Reinforcer

52
Q

if the mobiles movement and musical sound resulted in a decrease in the rate and which the baby bats it’s hands punishment has occurred and the mobile movement and sound would be called _____________.

A

punisher

53
Q

Consequences affect only future behavior true or false

A

True

54
Q

Automaticity of reinforcement that is behavior is modified by its consequence, regardless of whether the individual is aware that her behavior is or has been _____________

A

Reinforced

55
Q

when a response is followed by a stimulus change that results in similar responses occurring more often reinforcement has taken place true or false

A

True

56
Q

negative reinforcement and adversive stimulus are the same thing true or false

A

True

57
Q

The term negative reinforcement refers only to the termination of the stimulus true or false

A

True

58
Q

The words can often into previous sentences, recognize the important qualifications that the momentary effectiveness of an unconditioned reinforcer is a function of current __________for example, a certain level of food deprivation is necessary for the presentation of food to function as a reinforcer.

A

motivating operations

59
Q

A behavior that occurs more often under some anesthetic condition than it does in others is called a discriminated operant because a discriminative operant occurs more often in the presence of a given stimulus than it does in the absence of the stimulus it is said to be under stimulus _________

A

Control

60
Q

A behavior that occurs more often under some antecedent conditions than it does in others is called a discriminated operant.

A
61
Q

The term contingency appears in behavior, analyst literature with several meetings, signifying various types of _____________and functional relations between behavior and antecedent and consequence variables

A

Temporal

62
Q

The Of a particularly consequence on the occurrence of the behavior, when a reinforcer or punisher is said to be contingent on a particular behavior, the behavior must be ————————-for the consequence to occur for example, name a carnivore dinosaur, and then a teacher says well done depends on the students response of the name of the dinosaur

A

Omitted

63
Q

Skinner referred to behavior controlled by verbal statements as _______________distinguishing it from contingency shaped behavior, acquired by direct experience with contingencies

A

Rule governed behavior

64
Q

many behaviors result from multiple causes, and the phenomenon called ___________two separate, but related forms of a persons own verbal behavior, combined to acquire stimulus control of the response that would not have occurred in the absence of either.

A

Joint control

65
Q

example of joint control a person writing on her laptop computer while sitting in the kitchen needs a particular book for a reference she might say to herself I need about behaviorism and repeat the titles book as an several times while walking to the room containing her book, she reads the titles, another form of behavior of the books on the bookcase until she commits the responseabout behaviorism topography matches the self the current of the sources of control mediates the selection of the desired book

A
66
Q

Concurrent contingencies also combined to make a behavior more or less likely to occur in a given situation, for example, returning the weed trimmer to our neighbor because he usually invites us to cup coffee, but also, because returning the tool reduces the guilt we feel for keeping it

A
67
Q

concurrent contingencies often via the control of incompatible behaviors. We cannot watch baseball tonight and study properly for the upcoming exam although not a technical term in behavior analysis algebraic summation is sometimes used to describe the effects of multiple concurrent, contingencies, and behavior behavior is admitted is thought to be a product of the competing contingencies canceling portions of each other out as an algebraic equation..

A
68
Q

Behavior is the activity of living_________

A

Organisms

69
Q

Behavior is the activity of living_________

A

Organisms

70
Q

Technically behavior is that portion of an organisms interaction with its environment, that involves movement of some part of ____________

A

Organism.

71
Q

The term behavior usually used in reference to a large set or class of responses that share certain topographical dimensions or ____________

A

Functions

72
Q

Response refers to a specific instance of__________

A

Behavior

73
Q

Response__________ refers to the physical shape or form of behavior.

A

Topography

74
Q

A response class is a group of responses of varying topography, all of which produces the same effect on the-_______.

A

Environment

75
Q

Repertoire can refer to all the behavior a person can do or to a set of behavior relevant to a particular setting or _________

A

Task

76
Q

Environment is the physical setting and circumstances in which the organism __________.

A

Exist

77
Q

The environment influences behavior primarily by stimulus change, not static stimulus ___________.

A

Conditions

78
Q

Stimulus events can be described _______ by their physical features, _________ by what they when they occur and _________by the effects on behavior.

A

Formally temporally and functionally

79
Q

Stimulus events can be described _______ by their physical features, _________ by what they when they occur and _________by the effects on behavior.

A

Formally temporally and functionally

80
Q

Conditions or stimulus changes, exist, or occur _______ to the behavior of interest

A

Prior

81
Q

Consequences are stimulus _________that follow up behavior of interest

A

Changes

82
Q

Consequences are stimulus changes that follow a behavior of _________

A

Interest

83
Q

A stimulus change can have one or both of two basic effects on behavior and _________, but temporary effect of increasing or decreasing the current current occurrences of the behavior.

A

Immediate

84
Q

_____________change can have a delayed but relatively permanent effect in terms of the future occurrence of that type of behavior in the future

A

Stimulus

85
Q

Responded behavior is ill listed by ________.

A

Antecedent stimuli

86
Q

A ___________is a stimulus response, relation, consisting of an antecedent stimulus and the respondent behavior illicit.

A

Reflex

87
Q

All healthy members of a given species are born with the same repertoire of _____________reflexes

A

Unconditioned

88
Q

An unconditioned stimulus, and the respondent behavioral illicits is called an unconditioned __________.

A

Reflex

89
Q

Conditioned ___________are the product of respondent conditioning, a stimulus stimulus pairing procedure in which a neutral stimulus is presented with an unconditional stimulus and until the neutral stimulus becomes a condition stimulus that the condition response

A

Reflexes

90
Q

Pairing a neutral stimulus with a ____________can also produce a conditioned reflex, a process called high or order or secondary respondent conditioning.

A

Conditions stimulus

91
Q

Pairing a neutral stimulus with a ____________can also produce a conditioned reflex, a process called high or order or secondary respondent conditioning.

A

Conditions stimulus

92
Q

Respondent ___________occurs when a condition stimulus is presented repeatedly without the unconditioned stimulus until the condition stimulus no longer illicit the condition to response.

A

Extinction

93
Q

Operant behavior is selected by its __________

A

Consequence

94
Q

Unlike respondent behavior whose topography and basic functions are predetermined, ________________can take a virtually unlimited range of forms.

A

Operant behavior

95
Q

Selection of behavior by consequence operates during the lifetime of the organism __________-

A

Ontogeny

96
Q

Darwin’s natural selection in the evolutionary history of species________

A

Phylogeny

97
Q

Operant conditioning which encompasses reinforcement and punishment refers to the process and selective effects of __________on behavior.

A

Consequences

98
Q

Operant conditioning includes consequences affect future behavior consequences select response classes not individual responses consequences immediate consequences. Have the greatest effect consequences. Select any behavior that proceeds operant conditioning occurs automatically.

A
99
Q

Most stimulus changes that function as reinforcers or punishers can be described as either a ________stimulus added to the environment or an already present present stimulus removed from the environment.

A

New

100
Q

Positive reinforcement a response has followed by the presentation of a stimulus that results in similar responses occurring _________.

A

More often

101
Q

Negative reinforcement a response is followed by the withdrawal of a stimulus that results in similar responses occurring _________

A

More often

102
Q

The term __________stimulus is often used to refer to stimulus conditions whose termination functions as reinforce.

A

Adversive

BCBA Final (13 decks)

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