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Systems Path Exam II > Chapter 18 Part III > Flashcards

Chapter 18 Part III Flashcards

1
Q

with evaluation of breast lumps, 40% are ______ and considered MC

A

fibrocystic changes

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2
Q

fibrocystic changes are ______ finding with _____ cycle

A

normal

hormonal

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3
Q

fibrocystic changes are MC ________ and reproductive-age for females

A

premonopausal

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4
Q

MC fibrocystic changes

A

nonproliferative fibrocystic changes

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5
Q

NO extra layer of cells; BENIGN, increase in fibrotic storm, dilation of ducts, multiple/bilateral cysts

A

nonproliferative fibrocystic changes

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6
Q

epithelial hyperplasia –> ADDITIONAL CELL LAYER within ducts & lobules

A

proliferative fibrocystic changes

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7
Q

type of inflammation on breast –

chalky, white mass

A

fat necrosis

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8
Q

type of inflammation on breast –

early nursing, STAPH AUREUS is MC via ducts, solitary or multple

A

acute mastitis

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9
Q

type of inflammation on breast –

ductal dehydration, MC ages 40-60; nonbacterial, chronic inflammation

A

mammary duct ectasia

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10
Q

tumors of the breast are MC ______ cells

A

epithelial cells

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11
Q

MC benign breast tumor that is MC from females 20-30 y.o.

A

fibroadenoma

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12
Q

aggressive tumor of breast that is MC benign, can be malignant, metastasize late, good prognosis “leaflike projections”

A

phyllodes tumor

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13
Q

breast cancer is about ____K/year, and ___K are lethal (approx 20%)

A

200k/year

40k

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14
Q

(3) influences on breast cancer

A

hormonal
genetic
environmental

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15
Q

breast cancer is most prevalent in ________ quadrant (50%)

A

superolateral

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16
Q

there is penetration into basement membrane when it is ____

A

invasive

17
Q

(2) specific type of non-invasive breast cancer

A

ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS)

lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS)

18
Q

mixed, possible necrosis or calcification, rarely palpable (screening), great prognosis = 97% survival

A

ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS)

19
Q

treatment for DCIS is _______, possible radiation therapy

untreated: 1/3 –> invasive CA

A

mastectomy

20
Q

uniform cells, mucin vacuoles, rarely calcific = more difficult to detect; untreated 1/3 –> invasive CA

A

lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS)

21
Q

treatment for LCIS is _______ or bilateral _______

A

chemotherapy

bilateral mastectomy

22
Q

lymphatic metastasis (dimpling of skin, nipple inversion) is called

A

lymphedema

23
Q

70-80% of invasive breast cancers fall under this category; develops from ____, firm/palpable mass, irregular borders

A

invasive ductal carcinoma

DCIS

24
Q

cells identical to LCIS, from _____, e-cadherin, palpable mass or occult, MULTIPLE

A

invasive lobular carcinoma

25
Q

invasive lobular carcinoma metastasizes to ____, GI, marrow and ______

A

CSF

uterus

26
Q

less than 1% of invasive breast cancer
BRCA1
anaplastic
triple negative

A

medullary carcinoma

27
Q

approx 10% of all invasive breast cancer that is

A

tubular carcinoma

28
Q

general features of invasive breast cancer – detected via _____: SOLITARY & painless, mobile or affixed, ____ cm, ___% metastasis

A

palpation
2-3 cm
50% metastasis

29
Q

breast cancer MC metasatasis to _______

A

lymphatics (may also be hematogenous)

30
Q

______ determines where breast cancer is most likely to metastasize; LATERAL & CENTAL: ___________ ; MEDIAL: _________

A

location
axillary nodes
internal mammary arteries

31
Q

anaplasia, invasion, increasing size and distant metastasis lead to _____ prognosis for breast cancer

A

poorer

32
Q

estrogen receptors lead to ____ prognosis for invasive breast cancer

A

better

33
Q

bilateral breast enlargement in males, common during puberty – 70%

A

gynecomastia

34
Q

aprox 2000 cases/year, rapidly invades THORAX, MC in elderly, 50% metastasis at diagnosis

A

male breast carcinoma

35
Q

increase CT
ductal hyperplasia
rare: lobule formation
subareolar swelling; button-like

A

gynecomastia

Systems Path Exam II (12 decks)

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