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Systems Path Exam II > Chapter 11 Part IV > Flashcards

Chapter 11 Part IV Flashcards

1
Q

increase concentration of RBCs, usually due to increase in hemoglobin

A

polycythemia

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2
Q

_____ polycythemia is derived from DEHYDRATION; vomiting, diarrhea, burns or diuretics

A

relative

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3
Q

_____ polycythemia is from increase in total RBC mass

A

absolute

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4
Q

polycythemia in which proliferation of myeloid stem cells; clonal, neoplastic –> cancer, NO increase in EPO

A

primary absolute polycythemia

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5
Q

polycythemia in which excessive proliferation stems from elevated levels of erythropoietin

A

secondary absolute polycythemia

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6
Q

____ represent 1% of total blood volume and are produced in MARROW, STEM CELLS

A

leukocytes (WBC)

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7
Q

WBCs lifespan is ___

A

4 days

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8
Q

increase in WBC; can be caused by inflammation/infxn, leukemia, lymphoma

A

leukocytosis

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9
Q

decrease in WBCs; can be caused by AIDS, corticosteroids

A

leukopenia

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10
Q

MC type of granulocyte

A

neutrophil

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11
Q

(2) categories of leukocytes

A

granulocytes

agranulocytes

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12
Q

granulocyte that arrives first is _____, 5-lobes, then _____ arrive, last type of granulocyte to arrive is _______

A

neutrophil
eosinophil
basophil

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13
Q

granulocyte that prevents excessive clots (heparin)

A

basophil

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14
Q

granulocyte that is used for allergies, parasites and has 2 lobes

A

eosinophil

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15
Q

agranulocyte that turns into macrophage

A

monocyte

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16
Q

granulocyte that is present in tumors, nuclei occupies most of cell

A

lymphocyte (T cells, B cells, NK cells)

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17
Q

(2) categories of disorders of leukocytes

A

reactive

neoplastic

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18
Q

category of leukocyte disorder that is a response to an underlying disease MICROBIAL INFXN is MC

A

reactive

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19
Q

____ aka non-neoplastic disorders of WBCs

A

reactive

20
Q

category of leukocyte disorder that is ominous, 9% of adult CA-related death, 40% of childhood CA-related death

A

neoplastic

21
Q

non-neoplastic disorder of WBC that is a reduction in granulocytes (neutrophils) is called _______; when really severe, it is called ______

A

neutropenia

agranulocytosis

22
Q

neutropenia can either be categorized as DECREASED _____ or INCREASED ____

A

decreased production

increased destruction

23
Q

symptoms include bone marrow failure, metastasis, infix, autoimmune injury, granulomas, ADRs, chemotherapy

infection risk- bacterial or fungal

A

neutropenia

24
Q

non-neoplastic disorder that caused by EBV, (HHV-4)

A

infectious mononucleus

25
Q

symptoms of mono

A 
pharyngitis
fever
generalized lymphadenitis
splenomegaly
hepatitis
26
Q

reactive lymphocytosis is ________ cells/uL in mono

A

12,000-18,000

27
Q

in _____ countries, mono infxn occurs in CHILDHOOD and is MC _______

A

developing

asymptomatic

28
Q

in _____ countries, mono infxn is delayed until ______ and is MC _______

A

adolescence

symptomatic

29
Q

__% of people exposed to MONO succumb to infxn; 20-50% carriers shed the virus, MC with _____

A

50%

saliva

30
Q

non-neoplastic disorder that is an increase in the number of WBCs in the blood that common in a variety of inflammatory states caused by microbial and nonmicrobial stimuli

A

reactive lymphadenitis

31
Q

MC bacterial infix classified as a reactive lymphadenitis

A

cat-scratch disease

32
Q

bacterial infxn in cat scratch disease is _______; 90% affect _____ in the ___ or _____ area

A

bartonella henselae
kids
cervical
axillary

33
Q

non-hodgkin lymphomas
Hodgkin lymphomas
Plasma cell neoplasia

A

lymphoid neoplasms

34
Q

acute myelogenous leukemia
myelodysplastic syndromes
chronic myeloproliferative disorders

A

myeloid neoplasms

35
Q

macrophages and dendritic cells

A

histiocytic neoplasms

36
Q

cancer that develops from _____ neoplasms arise from SINGLE CELL aka _____

A

lymphoid

clonal

37
Q

lymphoid neoplasm that involves marrow or blood

A

leukemia

38
Q

lymphoid neoplasm that involves lymphatic tissues

A

lymphoma

39
Q

marrow suppression, anemia are the MC symptoms for this leukemia that is a sudden/stormy onset

A

acute leukemia

40
Q

only type of leukemia that involves B cells and T cells and is the MC type of cancer found in KIDS

A

acute lymphoblastic leukemia

41
Q

acute lymphoblastic leukemia is MC diagnosed at age ____ and accounts for ____% of all pediatric CA; _____ cell tumors are MC in the marrow/peripheral blood

A

4 y.o
80%
pre b-cell

42
Q

____ cell tumors develop in thymus in ALL and ____ cell tumors develop in marrow/peripheral (MC)

A

pre-T cell

pre-B cell

43
Q

MC cancer of adulthood that develops from B cells and is initially asymptomatic with gradual progression

A

chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)

44
Q

chronic lymphocytic leukemia involves _______ lymphocytes and involves _____, which differentiates it from _______, which has ______ lymphocytes and involves NODES

A

> 4000
blood
small lymphocytic lymphoma

45
Q

in CLL, tumor cells displace marrow called _______; there is immune dysregulation: suppressed B cells and if aggressive progression, it resembles ________

A

pancytopenia

diffuse large B cell lymphoma

46
Q

immunoglobulin function is usually problematic with CLL, which is called

A

hypogammaglobulinemia

Systems Path Exam II (12 decks)

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