Chapter 17 Vocab

Question 0

Biomedical therapy

Answer 0

Prescribed medications or medical procedures that act directly on the patients nervous system

Question 1

Psychotherapy

Answer 1

An emotionally charged, confiding interaction between a trained therapist and someone who suffers from psychological difficulties

Question 2

Eclectic approach

Answer 2

An approach to psychotherapy that, depending on the clients problems, uses techniques from various forms of therapy

Question 3

Psychoanalysis

Answer 3

Sigmund Freud’s therapeutic technique. Freud believed the patient’s free associations resistances, dreams, and transferences-and the therapists interpretations of them- released previously repressed feelings, allowing the patient to gain self-insight

Question 4

Sigmund Freud

Answer 4

Associated with psychoanalysis

Question 5

Free association

Answer 5

In psychoanalysis, a method of exploring the unconscious in which the person relaxes and says whatever comes to mind, no matter how trivial or embarrassing

Question 6

Resistance

Answer 6

In psychoanalysis, the blocking from consciousness of anxiety-laden material

Question 7

Interpretation

Answer 7

In psychoanalysis, the analyst’s noting supposed dream meanings, resistances, and other significant behaviors and events in order to promote insight

Question 8

Transference

Answer 8

In psychoanalysis, the patient’s transfer to the analyst of emotions linked with other relationships

Question 9

Client-centered therapy

Answer 9

A humanistic therapy, developed by Carl Rogers, in which the therapist uses techniques such as active listening within a genuine, accepting empathic environment to facilitate client’s growth

Question 10

Carl Rogers

Answer 10

Developed client-centered therapy

Question 11

Active Listening

Answer 11

Empathic listening in which the listener echoes, restates, and clarifies. A feature of Rogers’ client-centered therapy

Question 12

Behavior Therapy

Answer 12

Therapy that applies learning principles to the elimination of unwanted behaviors

Question 13

Counterconditioning

Answer 13

A behavior therapy procedure that conditions new responses to stimuli that trigger unwanted behaviors; based on classical conditioning

Question 14

Exposure Therapy

Answer 14

Behavioral techniques, such as systematic desensitization, that treats anxieties by exposing people to the things they fear and avoid

Question 15

Systematic Desensitization

Answer 15

A type of Counterconditioning that associates a pleasant relaxed state with gradually increasing anxiety-triggering stimuli. Commonly used to treat phobias

Question 16

Virtual reality exposure therapy

Answer 16

An anxiety treatment that progressively exposes people to simulations of their greatest fears, such as airplane flying, spiders, or public speaking

Question 17

Aversive Conditioning

Answer 17

A type of Counterconditioning that associates an unpleasant state with an unwanted behavior

Question 18

Token economy

Answer 18

An operant conditioning procedure in which people earn a token of some sort for exhibiting a desired behavior and can later exchange the tokens for various privileges or treats

Question 19

Cognitive therapies

Answer 19

Therapy that teaches people new, more adaptive ways of thinking and acting; based on the assumptions that thoughts intervene between events and our emotional reactions

Question 20

Cognitive-behavior therapy

Answer 20

A popular integrated therapy that combines cognitive therapy with behavior therapy

Question 21

Group therapy

Answer 21

Normally consists of 6-9 people attending a 90-minute session that can help more people and cost less. Clients benefit knowing others have similar problems

Question 22

Family therapy

Answer 22

Therapy that treats the family as a system views an individual’s unwanted behaviors as influenced by or directed at other family members; attempts to guide family members toward positive relationships and improved communication

Question 23

Regression toward the mean

Answer 23

?

Question 24

Meta-analysis

Answer 24

A procedure for statistically combining the results of many different research studies

Question 25

EMDR

Answer 25

Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing
A therapist attempts to unlock and reprocess previous frozen traumatic memories by waving a finger in front of the eyes of the client

Question 26

Light exposure therapy

Answer 26

Helps to treat SAD (seasonal affective disorder) a client is exposed to a bright light to help treat patients suffering from SAD

Question 27

Psychopharmacology

Answer 27

The study of the effects of drugs on mind and behavior

Question 28

Placebo effect

Answer 28

Any effect in behaviors by expectations; any effect in behavior caused by the administration of an inert substance or condition, which is assumed to be an active agent

Question 29

Double-blind study

Answer 29

Both the participant and researcher are unaware of who is receiving the actual drug or who is receiving the placebo

Question 30

Antipsychotic drugs

Answer 30

Dampen the responsiveness to irrelevant stimuli

Question 31

Tardive dyskinesia

Answer 31

Involuntary movements of the facial muscles, tongue, and limbs; a possible neurotoxic side effect of long-term use of antipsychotic drugs that target D2 dopamine receptors

Question 32

Antianxiety drugs

Answer 32

Depress the central nervous system activity and in combination with psychotherapy, they can help a person learn to cope with frightening situations and fear-triggering stimuli

Question 33

Antidepressant drugs

Answer 33

Lift people up from a depressed state by increasing the availability of norepinephrine or serotonin, neurotransmitters that evaluate arousal and mood and appear scarce during depression

Question 34

SSRI’s

Answer 34

Block the reuptake of serotonin

Question 35

Lithium

Answer 35

(A simple salt) Mood stabilizing medication

Question 36

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)

Answer 36

A biomedical therapy for severely depressed patients in which a brief electric current is sent through the brain of an anesthetized patient

Question 37

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS)

Answer 37

The application of repeated pulses of magnetic energy to the brain; used to stimulate or suppress brain activity

Question 38

Psychosurgery

Answer 38

Surgery that removes or destroys brain tissue in an effort to change behavior

Question 39

Lobotomy

Answer 39

A now-rare psychosurgical procedure once used to calm uncontrollably emotional or violent patients. The procedure cut the nerves that connect the frontal lobes to the emotion-controlling centers of the inner brain.