Chapter 17 Key Terms Flashcards
SP 469
balance of power
The policy in international relations by which, beginning in the eighteenth century, the major European states acted together to prevent any one of them from becoming too powerful
it helped make peaceful country because there was fighting and dispute of power like in serfdoms
S 458
bourgeoisie
In early modern Europe, the class of well-off town dwellers whose wealth came from manufacturing, finance, commerce, and allied professions
it was significant because these people support main economy in Europe, they were the new urban class
R 452
Catholic Reformation
Religious reform movement within the Latin Christian Church, begun in response to the Protestant Reformation. It clarified Catholic theology and reformed clerical training and discipline
significant because clarified Catholic theology, and reformed the clergy. it was also very significant because it was of new type thinking and ment the church had “less” power bc they weren’t the main religious center
EN 462
deforestation
The removal of trees faster than forests can replace themselves
significant because got rid of many of the trees in europe and changed the landscape of Europe
PS 465
English Civil War (1642-1649)
A conflict over royal versus. Parliamentary rights, caused by King Charles I’s arrest of his parliamentary critics and ending with his execution. Its outcome checked the growth of royal absolutism and, with the Glorious Revolution of 1688 and the English Bill of Rights of 1689, ensured that England would be a constitutional monarchy
it was significant because they developed some of the ways that the kingdom would be run in the future–>altering everything
RS 457
Enlightenment
A philosophical movement in eighteenth-century Europe that fostered the belief that one could reform society by discovering rational laws that governed social behavior and that were just as scientific as the laws of physics
significant because it help foster the idea the people could have a say in society” and actually change things, instead of just standing by and watching it and allowed the “growth” of the brain because of the expansion of math and sciences
SP 465
Habsburg
A powerful European family that provided many Holy Roman Emperors, founded the Austrian (later Austro-Hungarian) Empire, and ruled sixteenth- and seventeenth-century Spain
significant because of their power and money they would help get people into the title as holy roman emperor–> this would help benefit themselves because they would be in debt to them and because of this ended up ruling
R 450
indulgence
The forgiveness of the punishment due for past sins, granted by the Catholic Church authorities as a reward for a pious act. Martin Luther’s protest against the sale of indulgences is often seen as touching off the Protestant Reformation
significant because Catholic Church someone was able to “buy” their way up into heaven, instead of earning the proper way of doing good acts etc.–> because so many people disapproved of what people were doing during to buy their way up into heaven–> started a revolution of people breaking away from the church decreasing the amount of people in the Church and dimensioning their power
PE 459
joint-stock company
A business, often backed by a government charter, that sold shares to individuals to raise money for its trading enterprises and to spread the risks (and profits) among many investors
significant because now instead of trade being one of the main $ for places stocks and stock exchange, and joint-stock were taking over a way of making money and cities would become rich from it as well
NE 461
Little Ice Age
A century-long period of cool climate that began in the 1590s. Its ill effects on agriculture in northern Europe were notable
significant because it effected peoples journeys and explorations into places and got rid of food supply–>effected population
Middle Passage
The part of the Atlantic Circuit involving the transportation of enslaved Africans across the Atlantic to the Americas
significant because now that slaves were becoming another main export for peoples the middle passage help bring them throughout Europe and other places as well
R 451
Protestant Reformation
Religious reform movement within the Latin Christian Church beginning in 1519. It resulted in the “protesters” forming several new Christian denominations, including the Lutheran and Reformed Churches and the Church of England
significant because Catholic Church someone was able to “buy” their way up into heaven, instead of earning the proper way of doing good acts etc.–> because so many people disapproved of what people were doing during to buy their way up into heaven–> started a revolution of people breaking away from the church decreasing the amount of people in the Church and dimensioning their power
it also effected different countries politics etc
I 455
Scientific Revolution
The intellectual movement in Europe, initially associated with planetary motion and other aspects of physics, that by the seventeenth century had laid the groundwork for modern science
significant because people were being less retarded and decided to actually put the human mind to the test and try and formulate society by reaching out and looking to see what actually is out there
E 459
stock exchange
A place where shares in a company or business enterprise are bought and sold
significant because now instead of trade being one of the main $ for places stocks and stock exchange, and joint-stock were taking over a way of making money and cities would become rich from it as well
SA 466
Versailles
The huge palace built for French King Louis XIV south of Paris in the town of the same name. The palace symbolized the preeminence of French power and architecture in Europe and the triumph of royal authority over the French nobility
significant because it was the preeminence of the french power and much of the power was controlled their and formulated
