Chapter 16 Key Terms Flashcards
PS pg 424
Arawak
Amerindian peoples who inhabited the Greater Antilles of the Caribbean at the time of Columbus
significant because both Arawak and Caribbean made contact with north American mainland at the same time as Columbus–> weren’t the only people that made contact with the Americas–> but got a lot less recognition “common phenomena” of everyone going to the Americas
PS pg 439
Atahualpa (1502?-1533)
Last ruling Inca emperor of Peru. He was executed by the Spanish
significant because this was he was the end of their “civilization” and it was the start of the mass conquering of the Spanish–> they were start of it
IPSE pg 427
caravel
A small, highly maneuverable three-masted ship used by the Portuguese and Spanish in the exploration of the Atlantic
significant because allowed to enter shallow coastal waters and explore river but still strong, known as “best ships that sailed the seas”
–could blow up ports –> secret weapon
PSE pg 429
Columbus, Christopher (1451-1506)
Genoese mariner who in the service of Spain led expeditions across the Atlantic, establishing contact between the peoples of the Americas and the Old World and opening the way to Spanish conquest and colonization.
signficant because he “found” america–> established a new world and was signfican tbecause he “founded/ discovered” many different places–> this helped spread their knowlege and break out of this bubble in which they all had lived in–> they started a reeolutionary where they broke out and went west for the first time and he helped destory the Native Americans
PSE pg 438
conquistadors
Early-sixteenth-century Spanish adventurers who conquered Mexico, Central America, and Peru. (See Cortés, Hernán; Pizarro, Francisco.)
significant because they extended that pattern around the Caribbean as gold and indigenous labor became scarce on Hispaniola
PSE pg 438
Cortés, Hernán (1485-1547)
Spanish explorer and conquistador who led the conquest of Aztec Mexico in 1519-1521 for Spain
significant to undertake a new effort. Cortés left Cuba in 1519 with six hundred fighting men, including many who had sailed with the earlier expeditions, and most of the island’s stock of weapons and horses and pushed toward the Aztec capital of Tenochtitlan
one of the 3 famous conqueors
PSE pg 429
Dias, Bartolomeu (1450?-1500)
Portuguese explorer who in 1488 led the first expedition to sail around the southern tip of Africa from the Atlantic and sight the Indian Ocean
significant because he was the first portuguese explorer to round southern tip of Africa and enter the Indian ocean and him and his crew discovered the Indian ocean maritime system which brought them more money and power to their civilization
PSE pg 429 Gold Coast (Africa)
Region of the Atlantic coast of West Africa occupied by modern Ghana; named for its gold exports to Europe from the 1470s onward
significant because liked trade with portaguese–> brought them lots of wealth
PSE pg 426
Henry the Navigator (1394-1460)
Portuguese prince who promoted the study of navigation and directed voyages of exploration down the western coast of Africa.
significant because he converted the africans to christianity, reached india and became explicit goal of portuguese explorers, Improved navigational instruments and founded sagres
PSE pg 431
Magellan, Ferdinand (1480?-1521)
Portuguese navigator who led the Spanish expedition of 1519-1522 that was the first to sail around the world
helped with conquest of granada in 1492 and creation of spain lead to being europe’s most powerful state
PSE Ming Empire (1368-1644)
Empire based in China that Zhu Yuanzhang established after the overthrow of the Yuan Empire. The Ming emperor Yongle sponsored the building of the Forbidden City and the voyages of Zheng He. The later years of the Ming saw a slowdown in technological development and economic decline
significant because they established direct contact with people around Indian ocean, focused attention on internal matters power was gone from Indian Ocean and there were many observations made about the Indian peoples and their culture, brought it back to the chinese
PSE Moctezuma II (1466?-1520)
Last Aztec emperor, overthrown by the Spanish conquistador Hernán Cortés
significant because he was the last one of them ever and he was the last hope they had and after he was overthrown, there was no more hope
PSE pg 439
Pizarro, Francisco (ca. 1478-1541)
Spanish explorer who led the conquest of the Inca Empire of Peru in 1531-1533
significant because he had so little, force of 180 men, 37 horses, and two cannon entered the region, that conquered so much
PSE pg 423
Zheng He
chinese muslim ancestral connection to Persian Gulf commanded expeditions
signficant because He made many observations about the Indian peoples and their culture, brought it back to the chinese
-Started to trade with three cities in Swahili Coast of East Africa 1217 and 1433 China’s gifts were similar to the silk and porcelain from Swahili & imported peppers
