Chapter 15 Key Terms Flashcards
ESP
Atlantic system
The network of trading links after 1500 that moved goods, wealth, people, and cultures around the Atlantic Ocean Basin
Significant because it helped get PERSIAN ideas into Europe–> because of this it allowed for Europe to become less stupid and get rid of Serfdom
SPEI pg 393
Black Death
An outbreak of bubonic plague that spread across Asia, North Africa, and Europe in the mid-fourteenth century, carrying off vast numbers of persons
it was significant because it wiped out a third of europe and even though that may seem horrible and a bad thing, it was actually good–> it helped get rid of serfdom because it made sure that people had to travel to get jobs and the lords had to fight over their employs
SPEI
Gama, Vasco da (1460?-1524)
Portuguese explorer. In 1497-1498 he led the first naval expedition from Europe to sail to India, opening an important commercial sea route
significant because of his exponential travels all throughout Europe he opened a new trading system which brought wealth and a different type of economical lifestyle
SPEI pg 402 Gothic cathedrals
Large churches originating in twelfth-century France; built in an architectural style featuring pointed arches, tall vaults and spires, flying buttresses, and large stained-glass windows
significant because they show that intellectual thinking was happening where they had to create and think of the plans that go into building such great structures like cathedrals
RSPEI pg 409
Great Western Schism
A division in the Latin (Western) Christian Church between 1378 and 1417, when rival claimants to the papacy existed in Rome and Avignon
significant because it broke up a bond that the west had with each other–> leading to greater rivialries
PSEI pg 399
guild
In medieval Europe, an association of men (rarely women), such as merchants, artisans, or professors, who worked in a particular trade and banded together to promote their economic and political interests. Guilds were also important in other societies, such as the Ottoman and Safavid Empires
significant because the guilds we a place where people could go find work and where once you are apart of a guild you stay within in it–> lead to more creativity and expansion of jobs, not just farming
PS pg 396
Hanseatic League
An economic and defensive alliance of the free towns in northern Germany, founded about 1241 and most powerful in the fourteenth century
signifcant because this bonded germany making it more powerful and lead to less attacks that could drastically effect and alter the German community
ISPE pg 405
humanists (Renaissance)
European scholars, writers, and teachers associated with the study of the humanities (grammar, rhetoric, poetry, history, languages, and moral philosophy), influential in the fifteenth century and later
significant because this was a start of new era of thinking of bringing back the text and artwork styles from classical Romans and Greeks–> lead to a change in how people focused their time, money and power–> changed how you got power
PE pg 412
Hundred Years War (1337-1453)
Series of campaigns over control of the throne of France, involving English and French royal families and French noble families
significant because these campaigns changed the dynamics of Europe
R pg 391
Latin West
Historians’ name for the territories of Europe that adhered to the Latin rite of Christianity and used the Latin language for intellectual exchange in the period ca. 1000-1500
significant because the now culture of latin in the west meant that their whole way of life was altered because they are influenced by this Latin lifestyle
PE pg 412
new monarchies
Historians’ term for the monarchies in France, England, and Spain from 1450 to 1600. The centralization of royal power was increasing within more or less fixed territorial limits
significant because that meant a new type of ruling system, instead of serfdoms–> meant less stupidity and more room to grow
IEP pg 406
printing press
A mechanical device for transferring text or graphics from a woodblock or type to paper using ink. Presses using movable type first appeared in Europe in about 1450. See also movable type
significant because it was a new more effective type of movable type which meant documents could be travel farther and faster then they did before and meant that they could keep their history down better
RP pg 413
reconquest of Iberia
Beginning in the eleventh century, military campaigns by various Iberian Christian states to recapture territory taken by Muslims. In 1492 the last Muslim ruler was defeated, and Spain and Portugal emerged as united kingdoms
significant because shows that their military is stronger and that they can actually take over some territory–>shows their power and wealth. also show s the uniting of countries and the rid of Muslims–> making Christianity easier to come in
IPR pg 404
Renaissance (European)
A period of intense artistic and intellectual activity, said to be a “rebirth” of Greco-Roman culture. Usually divided into an Italian Renaissance, from roughly the mid-fourteenth to mid-fifteenth century, and a Northern (trans-Alpine) Renaissance, from roughly the early fifteenth to early seventeenth century
a time of the rebirth of classical ideas from the humanists–> wanted the intellectual power that was apparent with the Greeks and Romans–> which they had seem to have lost–> because of this they now were becoming “smarter” and had more PERSIAN ideas
IPS pg 405
scholasticism
A philosophical and theological system, associated with Thomas Aquinas, devised to reconcile Aristotelian philosophy and Roman Catholic theology in the thirteenth century
significant because it was helped with the flow of ideas into Europe which had seemed to stop for awhile
