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Pathology > Chapter 17 - Diseases of the Gastrointestinal System > Flashcards

Chapter 17 - Diseases of the Gastrointestinal System Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following most likely causes bloody diarrhea?

A. Cholera
B. Campylobacter enterocolitis
C. Shigellosis
D. Typhoid fever

A

C. Shigellosis

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2
Q

Which of the following is the causative agent of typhoid fever?

A. S. typhi
B. S. shigella
C. S. paratyphi
D. S. enteritidis

A

A. S. typhi

S. enteritidis = salmonellosis

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3
Q

Which of the following is the principal cause of traveler’s diarrhea?

A. ETEC
B. EPEC
C. EHEC
D. EIEC
E. EAEC
A

A. ETEC

EPEC = endemic diarrhea
EHEC = bloody diarrhea
EIEC = self limited colitis
EAEC = "stacked-bricked" non-bloody diarrhea
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4
Q

All of the following are TRUE about IBS EXCEPT:

A. Chronic, relapsing abdominal pain, bloating, and changes in bowel habits
B. Male predominance
C. Mixed subtype is the more common than diarrhea and constipation-predominant
D. Diagnosed of abdominal pain for at least 3 days per month over 3 months with change in defecation and stool frequency/form
E. None of the options

A

B. Male predominance

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5
Q

All of the following are TRUE about Ulcerative colitis EXCEPT:

A. Involves colon and rectum 
B. Limited to mucosa and submucosa
C. Has non-caseating granulomas
D. Have normal wall appearance
E. Can lead to toxic megacolon
A

C. Has non-caseating granulomas

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6
Q

Which of the following is the earliest lesion of Crohn disease?

A. Skip lesions
B. Aphthous ulcer
C. Cobblestone
D. Fissure granulomas
E. Perianal fistula
A

B. Aphthous ulcer

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7
Q

Which of the following is the hallmark of Crohn disease?

A. Skip lesions
B. Aphthous ulcer
C. Cobblestone
D. Non-caseating granulomas
E. Perianal fistula
A

D. Non-caseating granulomas

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8
Q

All of the following are TRUE about microscopic colitis EXCEPT:

A. Has two forms, collagenous and lymphocytic colitis
B. Both forms cause chronic watery diarrhea
C. Intestines are endoscopically normal
D. Two of the options
E. None of the options

A

E. None of the options

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9
Q

Polyps are most common in what GI region?

A. Esophagus and stomach
B. Stomach and duodenum
C. Duodenum and jejunum
D. Colon and rectum

A

D. Colon and rectum

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10
Q

Which of the following results from decreased epithelial cell turnover and delayed shedding of surface epithelial cells?

A. Hyperplastic polyps
B. Inflammatory polyps
C. Non-inflammatory polyps
D. Hamartomatous polyps

A

A. Hyperplastic polyps

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11
Q

All of the following are part of clinical triad of inflammatory polyps EXCEPT:

A. Rectal bleeding
B. Mucus discharge
C. Inflammatory lesion
D. Transmural lesion

A

D. Transmural lesion

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12
Q

The most common mutation identified in juvenile polyps is __________

A. BMPR1A
B. HOX3
C. SMAD4
D. STK11

A

C. SMAD4

STK11 = Peutz-Jeghers syndrome

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13
Q

All of the following are hallmarks of epithelial dysplasia of colorectal adenomas EXCEPT:

A. Nuclear hyperchromasia
B. Elongation
C. Stratification
D. Sessile serrated lesions

A

D. Sessile serrated lesions

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14
Q

Which of the following is the most important characteristic that correlates with the risk of malignancy?

A. Size
B. Shape
C. Invasion
D. Metastasis

A

A. Size

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15
Q

It is also called as Lynch syndrome.

A. Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP)
B. MYH-associated polyposis
C. Hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC)
D. Sporadic colon cancer

A

C. Hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC)

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16
Q

Most common malignancy of the GI tract

A. Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors (GIST)
B. Turcot Syndrome
C. Adenocarcinoma of the colon
D. Familial Colorectal Cancer (FCC)

A

C. Adenocarcinoma of the colon

17
Q

Which of the following is the most common site of distant metastatic lesions?

A. Liver
B. Lung
C. Heart
D. Brain
E. Spleen
A

A. Liver

18
Q

What part of the anal canal is lined by columnar rectal epithelium?

A. Upper zone
B. Middle third
C. Lower third
D. Entire anal canal

A

A. Upper zone

Middle third = transitional epithelium
Lower third = stratified squamous epithelium

19
Q

Squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal is frequently associated with infection of which virus?

A. EBV
B. HPV
C. HBV
D. CMV

A

B. HPV

20
Q

Acute appendicitis requires infiltration of muscularis propria of which cell type?

A. Eosinophils
B. Lymphocytes
C. Neutrophils
D. Monocytes

A

C. Neutrophils

21
Q

Which of the following is the classic physical finding of acute appendicitis?

A. Blumberg sign
B. Psoas sign
C. McBurney sign
D. Rovsing sign

A

C. McBurney sign

22
Q

All of the following are causes of peritonitis EXCEPT:

A. Bile leakage
B. Perforation
C. Acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis
D. Endometriosis
E. None of the options
A

E. None of the options

23
Q

These are collateral vessels that develop secondary to elevated venous pressure and also occur in portal hypertension.

A. Varices
B. Hemorrhoids
C. Myxomas
D. Carcinoid tumors

A

B. Hemorrhoids

Pathology (15 decks)

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