Chapter 17 Flashcards
DEFINE
Extrafamilial Influences
Social agencies outside of the family that influences a child’s development
DEFINE
Peer
2 or more people who are social equals
DEFINE
Sociability
Willingness to interact with others and seek their attention/approval
DEFINE
Coordinated Interactions
social behaviors where two or more people align their actions, thoughts, and feelings in a way that’s non-random and patterned
EXPLAIN
At what age do we develop coordinated interactions?
18 months
DEFINE
Complementary Role-Taking
individuals adapting their actions in a way that mutually completes and enhances the actions of others, contributing to a shared goal
EXPLAIN
At what age do we develop Complementary role-taking?
24 months
LIST
What are the types of sociability present in preschool years?
- Nonsocial Activity
- Onlooker Play
- Parallel Play
- Associative Play
- Cooperative Play
DEFINE
Nonsocial Activity
Onlooker behaviour and solitary play
DEFINE
Onlooker play
children linger around other children, but do not directly interact
DEFINE
Parallel Play
Non-interactive play in which children are in close proximity but do not attempt to influence the actions of the other
DEFINE
Associative Play
Form of social discourse in which children pursue their own interests but will swap toy’s and/or comment on each other’s activities
DEFINE
Cooperative Play
True social play in which children cooperate or assume reciprocal rules
LIST
What are some sociometric techniques?
- Self-Report Surveys
- Nominations of liked, disliked peers
- Corresponds to teacher assessment
DEFINE
Cross-Pressure Problem
A social situation in which an intrapersonal conflict arises when the motives affecting a decision are incompatible
DEFINE
Aptitude-Treatment Interaction
a research paradigm that attempts to examine how an outcome depends on the match between individuals’ specific aptitude(s) and the treatment they receive. When a treatment and an individual’s aptitude(s) are matched, the effect of the treatment is optimal.
DEFINE
Video Deficit
when children show poorer performance after viewing a video as opposed to a live demonstration.
DEFINE
Mean-World Beliefs
a proposed cognitive bias wherein people may perceive the world to be more dangerous than it is. This is due to long-term moderate to heavy exposure to violence-related content in mass media.
DEFINE
Desensitization Hypothesis
suggests that repeated exposure to violence, whether vicarious (through media) or real-life, can lead to a reduction in emotional responses to violent acts. This process is often explained through habituation
